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Lésions caustiques digestives : apport de l’endoscopie dans le diagnostic et le traitement dans le centre d’endoscopie du CHU Aristide Le Dantec

Digestive caustic lesions: contribution of endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment in the endoscopic center of universitary hospital Aristide Le Dantec

  • Article Original / Original Article
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Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie

Résumé

Résumé

Les brûlures caustiques oesogastriques sont particulièrement fréquentes dans certains pays. Leur principale complication est la sténose oesophagienne.

Objectif

Étudier l’apport de l’endoscopie dans le diagnostic et le traitement des lésions oesogastriques d’origine caustique au CHU Aristide Le Dantec.

Patients et méthode

Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective dans le centre d’endoscopie digestive du CHU Aristide Le Dantec sur la période de janvier 2007 à mai 2009. Tous les patients adressés pour ingestion de caustique ont été inclus. L’âge, le sexe, les circonstances de survenue, la nature du caustique, les lésions ainsi que le traitement endoscopique ont été étudiés.

Résultats

50 patients étaient inclus (prévalence de 1,7 %). Le sex-ratio était de 1,9 (33 hommes) et l’âge moyen de 8,4 ans (extrêmes 10 mois-47 ans). La soude caustique était en cause dans 68 % des cas. L’ingestion était accidentelle domestique dans 90 % des cas. L’endoscopie était réalisée dans un délai moyen de 4 jours (extrêmes 12 heures-45 jours). Les lésions aigües étaient classées selon la classification de Di Coscanzo (tableau 1). Elles étaient oesophagiennes dans 23 cas à type d’oesophagite grade IIa (6 cas), IIb (11 cas), IIIa (5 cas) et IIIb (1 cas), gastriques associées dans 2 cas. Les lésions chroniques étaient à type de sténose oesophagienne dans 25 cas et gastrique associée dans 1 cas. Une dilatation endoscopique a été réalisée chez 18 patients. Le nombre moyen de séances était de 2 (1 séance-7 séances).

Conclusion

Les lésions digestives caustiques au CHU Le Dantec de Dakar sont souvent accidentelles. L’endoscopie joue un rôle important dans le diagnostic et le traitement des lésions.

Abstract

Abstract

Caustic injury in the upper gastrointestinal tract is particularly frequent in number of countries. Their main complication is esophagus stricture.

Objective

To study the provision of endoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal tract lesions secondary to caustic ingestion in the universitary hospital Aristide Le Dantec.

Patients and method

It was about a retrospective study in the digestive endoscopy center of the universitary hospital Aristide Le Dantec over the period from January, 2007 till May, 2009. All patients addressed for ingestion of caustic substances were included. The age, sex, the circumstances of happening, the nature of the caustic, lesions as well as the endoscopic treatment were studied.

Results

50 patients were included (1,7 % prevalence). The sex-ratio was 1,9 (33 men) and the mean age 8,4 years (extreme 10 months-47 years old). Caustic soda was at issue in 68% of cases. Ingestion was accidental domestic in 90% of cases. Endoscopy was performed for a mean delay of 4 days (extreme 12 hours-45 days). There were acute esophageal Lesions in 23 cases classified according Di Costanzo classification (table 1). Esophagitis was at stage IIa (6 cases), IIb (11 cases), IIIa (5 cases) and IIIb (1 case). This esophagitis was associated with 2 cases of gastritis. Chronic lesions were represented by esophageal stricture in 25 cases associated with gastric stricture in 1 case. Endoscopic dilatation was performed in 18 patients. The mean number of sessions was 2 (1 session-7 sessions).

Conclusion

The caustic digestive lesions in the universitary hospital Aristide Le Dantec of Dakar are often accidental. Endoscopy plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of lesions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service de gastro-entérologie, CHU Aristide Le Dantec, BP 15316, Dakar Fann Dakar, Sénégal

    M. -L. Bassène, M. -L. Diouf, D. Dia, M. Mbengue, A. Halim & S. Diallo

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  1. M. -L. Bassène
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  2. M. -L. Diouf
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  3. D. Dia
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  4. M. Mbengue
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  5. A. Halim
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  6. S. Diallo
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Correspondence to M. -L. Bassène.

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Bassène, M.L., Diouf, M.L., Dia, D. et al. Lésions caustiques digestives : apport de l’endoscopie dans le diagnostic et le traitement dans le centre d’endoscopie du CHU Aristide Le Dantec. J Afr Hepato Gastroenterol 6, 179–182 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12157-012-0384-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12157-012-0384-5

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