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The Influence of Varied Levels of Received Stress and Support on Negative Emotions and Support Perceptions

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Abstract

The present study assessed the influence of experimentally varied levels of stress and support (received stress and support) on stress-induced negative affect and support perceptions (perceived support). Participants were exposed to either a high or a low level of stress and either received or did not receive support during the experimental session. The results indicated that regardless of the amount of support received, participants exposed to high versus low level of stress reported significantly more stress-induced negative affect. Perceived support, on the other hand, was a function of the interaction between the amount of stress and support received during the experimental task. Under a low level of stress, participants’ support perception remained moderate regardless of the amount of actual support they received; whereas under a high level of stress, participants’ support perception was significantly lower among those who did not receive support compared to those who did. Exploratory analyses indicated that experimentally-induced stress and support predicted negative affect and support judgments above and beyond the influence of individual characteristics (i.e., global self-esteem and dispositional optimism). Taken together, the results suggest that negative emotions were directly influenced by the degree of stress experienced, however the relationship between received and perceived support was moderated by the magnitude of experimentally-induced stress.

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Notes

  1. The support and nonsupport items of the ISNS scale were also added separately to calculate two distinct indices: “perceived interpersonal support” (α = 0.853) and “perceived interpersonal nonsupport” (α = 0.671). These two indices were then treated as two separate dependent variables. Results obtained were similar to when a single index was calculated to represent perceived social support. For perceived interpersonal support, the main effect of received support and the interaction between received stress and support was statistically significant (p = 0.006 and p = 0.026, respectively). For perceived interpersonal nonsupport, the main effects of received stress and support were statistically significant (p = 0.041 and p = 0.037, respectively).

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Acknowledgments

The author would like to thank Isaiah Pickens for his assistance with data collection and Mary Procidano for her valuable comments on an initial draft of this paper.

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    Shaki Asgari

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Asgari, S. The Influence of Varied Levels of Received Stress and Support on Negative Emotions and Support Perceptions. Curr Psychol 35, 386–396 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-015-9305-2

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