Abstract
When a frequency-hopping sequence (FHS) set is applied to a frequency-hopping multiple-access (FHMA) system, its aperiodic Hamming correlation (AHC) or partial period Hamming correlation (PPHC) properties affect the system synchronization and acquisition performance at receiving terminals. However, for an FHS set, the researches on its AHC or PPHC are not well understood. In this paper, we first introduce a generalized method to construct new FHS sets through other FHS sets with optimal PPHC property. Via this method, we have the flexibility of choosing the parameters of newly constructed FHS sets, such that a large number of new FHS sets can be obtained. Then, we analyze the AHC performance of our newly constructed FHS sets. Finally, we present two new classes of FHS sets with good AHC property.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Specification of the bluetooth systems-core. The Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), [online]. Available: http://www.bluetooth.com
Fan, P.Z., Darnell, M.: Sequence design for communications applications. Research Studies Press (RSP). Wiley, London (1996)
Golomb S.W., Gong G.: Signal design for good correlation: for wireless communication, cryptography and radar. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2005)
Peng D.Y., Fan P.Z.: Lower bounds on the Hamming auto- and cross correlations of frequency-hopping sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 50, 2149–2154 (2004)
Peng D.Y., Fan P.Z., Lee M.H.: Lower bounds on the periodic Hamming correlations of frequency hopping sequences with low hit zone. Sci. China Ser. F Inf. Sci. 49, 1–11 (2006)
Peng D.Y., Peng T., Tang X.H., Niu X.H.: A class of optimal frequency hopping sequences based upon the theory of power residues. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. Sequ. and their Aplic. 5203, 188–196 (2008)
Lempel, A., Greenberger, H.: Families of sequences with optimal Hamming correlation properties. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 20, 90–94 (1974)
Chu, W., Colbourn, C.J.: Optimal frequency-hopping sequences via cyclotomy. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 51, 1139–1141 (2005)
Ge, G., Miao, Y., Yao, Z.: Optimal frequency hopping sequences: auto- and cross-correlation properties. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 55, 867–879 (2009)
Ding C.S., Yang Y., Tang X.H.: Optimal sets of frequency hopping sequences from linear cyclic codes. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 55, 3605–3612 (2010)
Ding, C.S., Moisio, M.J., Yuan, J.: Algebraic Constructions of Optimal Frequency-Hopping Sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 53, 2606–2610 (2007)
Sarwate D.V., Pursley M.B.: Hopping patterns for frequency-hopped multiple-access communication. In: Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. 1, 7.4.1-7.4.3 (1978)
Eun Y.C., Jin S.Y., Hong Y.P., Song H.Y.: Frequency hopping sequences with optimal partial autocorrelation properties. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 50, 2438–2442 (2004)
Helleseth, T., Kumar, P.V. In: Pless, V. S., Huffman, W. C. (eds.) : Sequences with low correlation, pp 1765–1853. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1998)
Zhou Z.C., Tang X.H., Niu X.H., Parampalli U.: New classes of frequency-hopping sequences with optimal partial correlation. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 58, 453–458 (2012)
Niu X.H., Peng D.Y., Zhou Z.C.: Frequency/time hopping sequence sets with optimal partial Hamming correlation properties. Sci. China Ser. F Inf. Sci. 55, 2207–2215 (2012)
Liu X., Peng D.Y.: Frequency hopping sequences with optimal partial Hamming correlation by interleaving techniques. The Sixth International Workshop on Signal Design and Its Applications in Communications (IWSDA), Tokyo, Japan, pp. 158–161 (2013)
Cai H., Yang Y., Zhou Z.C., Tang X.H.: Strictly optimal frequency-hopping sequence sets with optimal family size. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 62, 1087–1093 (2016)
Cai, H., Zhou, Z.C., Yang, Y., Tang, X.H.: A new construction of frequency-hopping sequences with optimal partial Hamming correlation. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 60, 5782–5790 (2014)
Zhou, Z.C., Tang, X.H., Yang, Y., Parampalli, U.: On the aperiodic hamming correlation of frequency-hopping sequences from norm functions. Sequences and their applications, C SETA 2012. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 7280, 148–158 (2012)
Zhou, Z.C., Tang, X.H., Yang, Y., Parampalli, U.: A hybrid incomplete exponential sum with application to aperiodic Hamming correlation of some frequency-hopping sequences. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 58, 6610–6615 (2012)
Liu X., Peng D.Y., Niu X.H., Liu F.: Lower bounds on the aperiodic Hamming correlations of frequency hopping sequences. IEICE TRANS. FUNDAMENTALS E96-A, 1445–1450 (2013)
Liu, X., Peng, D.Y.: Sets of freqency hopping sequences under aperiodic Hamming correlation: upper bound and optimal constructions. Adv. Math. Commun. 8, 359–373 (2014)
Bao, J.J., Ji, L.J.: Frequency hopping sequences with optimal partial Hamming correlation. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 62, 3768–3783 (2016)
Apostol, T.M.: Introduction to analytic number theory. Springer-Verlag, New York (1976)
Wang, C.Y., Peng, D.Y., Han, H.Y., Zhou, L.M.N.: New sets of low-hit-zone frequency-hopping sequence with optimal maximum periodic partial Hamming correlation. Sci. China Ser. F Inf. Sci 58, 1–15 (2015)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61571373, 61701331), the Youth Innovative Talent Project of Guangdong Education Department (Grant No. 2017KQNCX242), the High Level Talent Research Starting Project in University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute (Grant No. 417YKQ06), and the Sixth Zhongshan Innovation Team Programme – Flexible Internet of Things Enabled by Wireless Energy Transfer (Contract No. 170605181170737).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhou, L., Peng, D., Liu, X. et al. Frequency-hopping sequence sets with good aperiodic Hamming correlation property. Cryptogr. Commun. 11, 661–675 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12095-018-0320-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12095-018-0320-7
Keywords
- Frequency-hopping sequence
- Multiple-access system
- Aperiodic Hamming correlation
- Partial periodic Hamming correlation