This paper summarizes the results of year long (December 2009 to January 2011) continuous measurements of daytime (0700–1745) ozone (O3) in the ambient air and related meteorological parameters at Bhubaneswar (21°15′N–85°15′E), Odisha. The seasonal variation shows distinct daytime ozone maxima during winters with a peak in January (~85 ppbv), a slight increase (~38 ppbv) in June and lowest in August (~20 ppbv). The backward trajectory analysis during winter months suggests long distance transport of airmass from mainly Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) and western part of Indian peninsula, a major industrial hub. In other seasons, wind reaches the observation site from less polluted landmasses and the Bay of Bengal, thereby considerably reducing the pollution load. On the contrary, ozone build-up was found to be maximum and minimum in pre-monsoon and monsoon, respectively. An anti-weekend ozone effect (~5 ppbv) was observed in winter. Paired t-test and F-test along with principal component analysis (PCA) were done to determine significance between various components (ozone, precursors and meteorological parameters). The t- and F-test showed significant monthly variation of ozone mixing ratio. The PCA showed that three components explained 79.1% of variances.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Director, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology (CSIR-IMMT) and the Head, Environment and Sustainability Department (CSIR-IMMT) for their encouragement. Financial support by ISRO-GBP is gratefully acknowledged. They also acknowledge the NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for the provision of the HYSPLIT transport and dispersion model and/or READY website (http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready.php) used in this publication. The authors highly acknowledge the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions which helped to improve the manuscript.
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MAHAPATRA, P.S., JENA, J., MOHARANA, S. et al. Surface ozone variation at Bhubaneswar and intra-corelationship study with various parameters. J Earth Syst Sci 121, 1163–1175 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-012-0216-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-012-0216-4