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Functionalized dicationic ionic liquids: Green and efficient alternatives for catalysts in phthalate plasticizers preparation

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Abstract

Two highly acidic, imidazolium-based, functionalized dicationic ionic liquids (FDCILs) were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The synthesized FDCILs were used as efficient and green catalysts in the synthesis of phthalate plasticizers through esterification of phthalic anhydride (PhA) with ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol. Among these two FDCILs, (dimethyl-4-sulfobutyl-ammonium) 1,2-ethan-1-methyl-imidazolium-sulfonic acid hydrogen sulfate performed better. The catalytic activity of FDCIL is related to the density of acidic groups on it and the length of the carbon chain in the cationic part. The influences of the reaction temperature, catalyst dosage, and molar ratio of phthalic anhydride to alcohol on the esterification reaction were investigated. The reusability of the catalyst in these reactions was studied too. The diester phthalates were obtained up to 98.8% yield. The products can be separated easily by decantation from the reaction mixture.

The synthesis route and characterization of two novel highly acidic ionic liquids, and the green and efficient synthesis of phthalate plasticizers in the presence of these ionic liquids are reported.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support by Malek-Ashtar University of Technology.

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Correspondence to REZA FAREGHI-ALAMDARI.

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Supplementary Informaton (SI)

All additional information pertaining to characterization of the compounds using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra are given in the supporting information. Supplementary information is available at www.ias.ac.in/chemsci.

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ZEKRI, N., FAREGHI-ALAMDARI, R. & KHODARAHMI, Z. Functionalized dicationic ionic liquids: Green and efficient alternatives for catalysts in phthalate plasticizers preparation. J Chem Sci 128, 1277–1284 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-016-1127-8

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