Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a molecular marker that can provide valuable prognostic information for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the predictive role of the MSI status remains less clear than its role in prognostication due to mixed results from previous studies. Therefore, this study investigated the usefulness of the MSI status as a predictive factor for stage II or III CRC patients who received adjuvant doxifluridine therapy. Among 3030 patients with CRC who underwent surgical resection between 1997 and 2006, 564 patients were diagnosed with stage II or III, and adjuvant doxifluridine therapy was administered to 394 patients (70.0%). The MSI status was assessed using the markers BAT25 and BAT26, and samples with instability at both markers were scored as exhibiting high-frequency MSI (MSI-H). Among the 564 patients, 290 patients (51.4%) had stage II, and MSI-H was found in 41 patients (7.3%). With a median follow-up duration of 35.1 months (range, 0.5–135.2), the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate and relapse-free survival (RFS) rate were 87.5 and 76.2%, respectively. MSI-H showed a favorable survival trend for OS (P = 0.098) and significant survival benefit for RFS (P = 0.037) in all patients. In a univariate analysis, the doxifluridine-treated patients with MSI-H showed improved RFS compared to those with low or stable MSI (MSI-L/S) (P = 0.036), while the MSI status was not significantly associated with OS (P = 0.107). In a multivariate analysis, MSI-H was not significantly associated with RFS (Hazard ratio = 2.467, P = 0.125). In conclusion, this study confirmed the positive prognostic role of MSI-H. However, MSI-H patients with stage II or III CRC did not seem to benefit from doxifluridine adjuvant therapy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sinicrope FA, Sargent DJ. Clinical implications of microsatellite instability in sporadic colon cancers. Curr Opin Oncol. 2009;21:369–73.
Boland CR, Thibodeau SN, Hamilton SR, Sidransky D, Eshleman JR, Burt RW, et al. A National Cancer Institute Workshop on Microsatellite Instability for cancer detection and familial predisposition: development of international criteria for the determination of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 1998;58:5248–57.
Gryfe R, Kim H, Hsieh ET, Aronson MD, Holowaty EJ, Bull SB, et al. Tumor microsatellite instability and clinical outcome in young patients with colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:69–77.
Popat S, Hubner R, Houlston RS. Systematic review of microsatellite instability and colorectal cancer prognosis. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:609–18.
Ribic CM, Sargent DJ, Moore MJ, Thibodeau SN, French AJ, Goldberg RM, et al. Tumor microsatellite-instability status as a predictor of benefit from fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:247–57.
Samowitz WS, Curtin K, Ma KN, Schaffer D, Coleman LW, Leppert M, et al. Microsatellite instability in sporadic colon cancer is associated with an improved prognosis at the population level. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2001;10:917–23.
Cunningham D, Atkin W, Lenz HJ, Lynch HT, Minsky B, Nordlinger B, et al. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2010;375:1030–47.
Des Guetz G, Uzzan B, Nicolas P, Schischmanoff O, Perret GY, Morere JF. Microsatellite instability does not predict the efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anticancer Res. 2009;29:1615–20.
Jover R, Zapater P, Castells A, Llor X, Andreu M, Cubiella J, et al. The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer depends on the mismatch repair status. Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:365–73.
Bertagnolli MM, Niedzwiecki D, Compton CC, Hahn HP, Hall M, Damas B, et al. Microsatellite instability predicts improved response to adjuvant therapy with irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin in stage III colon cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Protocol 89803. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1814–21.
Jensen LH, Danenberg KD, Danenberg PV, Jakobsen A. Predictive value of MSH2 gene expression in colorectal cancer treated with capecitabine. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2007;6:433–5.
Niitani H, Kimura K, Saito T, Nakao I, Abe O, Urushizaki I, et al. Phase II study of 5′-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5′-DFUR) in patients with malignant cancer–a multi-institutional cooperative study. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1985;12:2044–51.
Miwa M, Ura M, Nishida M, Sawada N, Ishikawa T, Mori K, et al. Design of a novel oral fluoropyrimidine carbamate, capecitabine, which generates 5-fluorouracil selectively in tumours by enzymes concentrated in human liver and cancer tissue. Eur J Cancer. 1998;34:1274–81.
Jo WS, Carethers JM. Chemotherapeutic implications in microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer. Cancer Biomark. 2006;2:51–60.
Bellizzi AM, Frankel WL. Colorectal cancer due to deficiency in DNA mismatch repair function: a review. Adv Anat Pathol. 2009;16:405–17.
Sargent DJ, Marsoni S, Monges G, Thibodeau SN, Labianca R, Hamilton SR, et al. Defective mismatch repair as a predictive marker for lack of efficacy of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy in colon cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:3219–26.
Elsaleh H, Joseph D, Grieu F, Zeps N, Spry N, Iacopetta B. Association of tumour site and sex with survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2000;355:1745–50.
Kim GP, Colangelo LH, Wieand HS, Paik S, Kirsch IR, Wolmark N, et al. Prognostic and predictive roles of high-degree microsatellite instability in colon cancer: a National Cancer Institute-National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Collaborative Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:767–72.
Lamberti C, Lundin S, Bogdanow M, Pagenstecher C, Friedrichs N, Buttner R, et al. Microsatellite instability did not predict individual survival of unselected patients with colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2007;22:145–52.
Kim ST, Lee J, Park SH, Park JO, Lim HY, Kang WK, et al. Clinical impact of microsatellite instability in colon cancer following adjuvant FOLFOX therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010;66(4):659–67.
Yamada Y. Current status of chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer in Japan. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2008;7:15–24.
Walther A, Johnstone E, Swanton C, Midgley R, Tomlinson I, Kerr D. Genetic prognostic and predictive markers in colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009;9:489–99.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Jong Gwang Kim and Gyu-Seog Choi are contributed equally to this work.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kang, B.W., Kim, J.G., Lee, S.J. et al. Clinical significance of microsatellite instability for stage II or III colorectal cancer following adjuvant therapy with doxifluridine. Med Oncol 28 (Suppl 1), 214–218 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-010-9701-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12032-010-9701-2