Abstract
Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is regarded as a pivotal pathological process in various ocular diseases. Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is involved in the regulation of cell inflammation, differentiation, and apoptosis in many cell types and tissues, but the role of PAR-2 in RGCs under pathological conditions remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of PAR-2 in the apoptosis of RGCs under hypoxic stress. An immortalized rat RGC line (RGC-5) was exposed to hypoxia (5 % O2). The expression and location of PAR-2 in RGC-5 cells under hypoxia stress were investigated using real-time PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Cell viability was determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected using Hoechst 33342 staining and AnnexinV-FITC/PI assays. The role of Bcl-2, Bax, and the active subunit of caspase-3 was also investigated. The results showed that PAR-2 was functionally expressed in RGC-5 cells and up-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels under hypoxic stress. The PAR-2 selective agonist, SLIGRL, rescued RGC-5 cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis through up-regulation of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and down-regulation of caspase-3 activation. This study provides the first evidence that PAR-2 has a protective effect against the hypoxia-induced apoptosis of RGC-5 cells.
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Acknowledgments
The study is supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81000379 and 30872833) and the Youth Innovation Fund of the Third Military Medical University (no. 2009XQN30). We thank Prof. Jian Ge and Yehong Zhuo for kindly providing the RGC-5 cell line.
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Xi Ying and Yi Wang contributed equally to this work.
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Peng, Y., Zhang, J., Xu, H. et al. Neuroprotective Effect of Protease-Activated Receptor-2 in the Hypoxia-Induced Apoptosis of Rat RGC-5 Cells. J Mol Neurosci 50, 98–108 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-012-9876-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-012-9876-4