Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Cytotoxicity of Methylsulfonylmethane on Gastrointestinal (AGS, HepG2, and KEYSE-30) Cancer Cell Lines

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

This study was conducted to assay cytotoxic effects of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on gastrointestinal cancer cell lines.

Methods

Human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (KYSE-30) cancer cell lines were treated by MSM and incubated for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cytotoxicity was examined through MTT, neutral red uptake, and protein measurement assays. Ethidium bromide/acridine orange (EB/AO) staining was used for apoptotic cell detection. A diamidino-2-phenylindole staining method was used to analysis cell cycle by flow cytometry.

Results

IC50 of MSM on AGS, HepG2, and KYSE-30 cell lines were 28.04, 21.87 and 27.98 mg/ml after 72 h, respectively. The EB/AO staining showed an increase in apoptotic cells. Cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase in cell density at G2/M phase.

Conclusion

MSM had cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines but HepG2 cell line was more susceptible. This study suggests that MSM may induce cytotoxic effect on gastrointestinal cancer cell lines by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM). Monograph. Altern. Med. Rev. 2003. 8(4): 438–41.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Christy M. MSM-the super-supplement of the decade. Arizona: Wishland Inc; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jacob S, Appleton J. MSM the definitive guide: the nutritional breakthrough for arthritis, allergies and more. Los Angeles: Freedom Press; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Beilke MA, Collins-Lech C, Sohnle PG. Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on the oxidative function of human neutrophils. J Lab Clin Med. 1987;110(1):91–6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. McCabe D et al. Polar solvents in the chemoprevention of dimethylbenzanthracene-induced rat mammary cancer. Arch Surg. 1986;121(12):1455–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Caron JM et al. Methyl sulfone induces loss of metastatic properties and reemergence of normal phenotypes in a metastatic cloudman S-91 (M3) murine melanoma cell line. PLoS One. 2010;5(8):e11788.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Cox WI, Specter S, Friedman H. Susceptibility of Friend erythroleukemia cells to natural cytotoxicity after in vitro treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1982;169(3):337–42.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ebisuzaki K. Aspirin and methylsulfonylmethane (MSM): a search for common mechanisms, with implications for cancer prevention. Anticancer Res. 2003;23(1A):453–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Satia JA et al. Associations of herbal and specialty supplements with lung and colorectal cancer risk in the VITamins and Lifestyle Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(5):1419–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Alam SS, Layman DL. Dimethyl sulfoxide as a cholesterol-lowering agent in cultured fibroblasts exposed to low density lipoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982;710(3):306–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Layman DL. Growth inhibitory effects of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol. 1987;23(6):422–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Morton JI, Siegel BV. Effects of oral dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone on murine autoimmune lymphoproliferative disease. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1986;183(2):227–30.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Barrager E et al. A multicentered, open-label trial on the safety and efficacy of methylsulfonylmethane in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. J Altern Complement Med. 2002;8(2):167–73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Magnuson BA et al. Oral developmental toxicity study of methylsulfonylmethane in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2007;45(6):977–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Horvath K et al. Toxicity of methylsulfonylmethane in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002;40(10):1459–62.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kelsen D et al. Principles and practice of gastrointestinal oncology. 2008. New York: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

  17. Crew KD, Neugut AI. Epidemiology of gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(3):354–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Alberts SR, Cervantes A, van de Velde CJ. Gastric cancer: epidemiology, pathology and treatment. Ann Oncol. 2003;14 Suppl 2:ii31–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Cabibbo G, Craxi A. Epidemiology, risk factors and surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2010;14(4):352–5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Cervantes A et al. The treatment of advanced gastric cancer: current strategies and future perspectives. Ann Oncol. 2008;19 Suppl 5:v103–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Ribble D et al. A simple technique for quantifying apoptosis in 96-well plates. BMC Biotechnol. 2005;5:12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Levesque AA et al. Distinct roles for p53 transactivation and repression in preventing UCN-01-mediated abrogation of DNA damage-induced arrest at S and G2 cell cycle checkpoints. Oncogene. 2005;24(23):3786–96.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Honda I, Watanabe S, Fujita Y. Preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with oral anticancer agents for stomach cancer. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 1997;24(9):1109–17.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Mr. Reza Rostami and Ms Negar Molazadeh for helping in the preparation of medium and reagents. This study was supported by a thesis grant for Master of Science in clinical chemistry from Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.

Conflict of interest

We declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, University Street, Ardabil, 56197, Iran

    Naser Jafari, Shahab Bohlooli & Sadollah Mohammadi

  2. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Mohammad Mazani

Authors
  1. Naser Jafari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shahab Bohlooli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sadollah Mohammadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Mazani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shahab Bohlooli.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jafari, N., Bohlooli, S., Mohammadi, S. et al. Cytotoxicity of Methylsulfonylmethane on Gastrointestinal (AGS, HepG2, and KEYSE-30) Cancer Cell Lines. J Gastrointest Canc 43, 420–425 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-011-9291-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-011-9291-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation