References
Moreillon P, Yok-Ai Q. Infective endocarditis. Lancet. 2004;363:139–49.
Byramji A, Gilbert JD, Byard RW. Sudden death as a complication of bacterial endocarditis. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2011;32:140–2.
Bouza E, Menasalvas A, Munoz P, Vasallo FJ, Moreno M, Garcia Fernandez MA. Infective endocarditis—a prospective study at the end of the twentieth century: new predisposing conditions, new etiologic agents, and still a high mortality. Medicine. 2001;80:298–307.
Mathew J, Addai T, Anand A, Morrobel A, Maheshwari P, Freels S. Clinical features, site of involvement, bacteriologic findings, and outcome of infective endocarditis in intravenous drug users. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:1641–8.
Ruotsalainen E, Sammalkorpi K, Laine J, Huotari K, Sarna S, Valtonen V, Jarvinen A. Clinical manifestations and outcome in staphylococcus aureus endocarditis among injection drug users and nonaddicts: a prospective study of 74 patients. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6:137.
Weinstein L. Life-threatening complications of infective endocarditis and their management. Arch Intern Med. 1986;146:953–7.
Mansur A, Grinberg M, da Luz P, Bellotti G. The complications of infective endocarditis: a reappraisal in the 1980s. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:2428–32.
Guerrero ML, Alvarez B, Manzarbeitia F, Renedo G. Infective endocarditis at autopsy: a review of pathologic manifestations and clinical correlates. Medicine. 2012;91:152–64.
Kieran SM, Cahill RA, Sheehan SJ. Mycotic peripheral aneurysms and intracerebral abscesses secondary to infective endocarditis. Eur J VascEndovasc Surg. 2004;28:565–6.
Lester S, Wilansky S. Endocarditis and associated complications. Crit Care Med. 2007;35:384–91.
Logan BK, Fligner CL, Haddix T. Cause and manner of death in fatalities involving methamphetamine. J Forensic Sci. 1998;43:28–34.
Hanzlick R, Hunsaker J, Davis G. A guide for manner of death classification. National Association of Medical Examiners. 2002. https://netforum.avectra.com/temp/ClientImages/NAME/38c0f1d2-11ec-45c7-80ca-ff872d0b22bc.pdf. Accessed 26 March 2015.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lapkus, M., Prahlow, J.A. Infective endocarditis in an intravenous drug abuser. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 11, 609–613 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-015-9707-3
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-015-9707-3