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Effects of Organic Selenium Supplementation on Growth, Accumulation, Haematology and Histopathology of Juvenile Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Fed High Soybean Meal Diets

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Abstract

Soybean meal (SBM) has been commonly utilised as a substitute for fishmeal (FM) in the diets of several fish species. However, little is known regarding their effects on trace element availability and thus their importance to fish. The present study employed two feeding trials to evaluate the implications of dietary selenium (Se) on the growth, accumulation, antioxidant, and histopathological responses of juvenile barramundi (Lates calcarifer). In the first trial, each of three basal diets containing 0, 15 and 43 % SBM as replacements for 0, 25 and 75 % of FM protein on an isoproteic and isocalorific basis were either supplemented or not supplemented with 2 mg kg−1 organic Se (OS). In the second trial, the potential effect of OS supplementation in a high SBM diet was investigated in a feeding trial with five experimental diets: 75 % SBM protein as replacement of FM was supplemented with 2, 3, 4, 5 or 7 mg OS kg−1. Growth was independently influenced by the SBM level and the OS supplementation level but not by their interaction. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, haematocrit, Se accumulation and muscle tissue integrity were significantly enhanced in fish fed on OS-supplemented diets. Furthermore, when high SBM was included in diets, elevated Se tended to lower the barramundi’s performance. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of OS at 2–3 g kg−1 diet is necessary when high plant protein ingredients are incorporated in the diet, in order to maintain better growth and to afford protection against oxidative stress.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially sponsored by the Australia Awards Scholarship and Department of Environment and Agriculture of Curtin University. The authors would like to thank the Animal Health Laboratories of the Department of Food and Agriculture Western Australia for laboratory assistance. We also wish to thank Dr. Ky Trung Le for his help during the sampling at the end of the research project.

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  1. Department of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, 1 Turner Ave Technology Park, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia

    Ilham Ilham, Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddik & Ravi Fotedar

  2. Department of Aquatic Resources Management & Technology, Jakarta Fisheries University, Jl. AUP Pasar Minggu, Jakarta Selatan, 12520, Indonesia

    Ilham Ilham

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Correspondence to Ilham Ilham.

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Fish-handling procedures, care and facilities complied with the guidelines of the Animal Ethics Committee of Curtin University (Approval Number: AEC-2013-07) and followed the Australian Code of Practise for the care and use of animals for scientific purposes.

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Ilham, I., Siddik, M.A.B. & Fotedar, R. Effects of Organic Selenium Supplementation on Growth, Accumulation, Haematology and Histopathology of Juvenile Barramundi (Lates calcarifer) Fed High Soybean Meal Diets. Biol Trace Elem Res 174, 436–447 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0708-1

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