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Effect of Excessive Potassium Iodide on Rat Aorta Endothelial Cells

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Abstract

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of excess iodine on rat aorta endothelial cells and the potential underlying mechanisms. Rat aorta endothelial cells were cultured with iodide ion (3506, 4076, 4647, 5218, 5789, 6360, 6931, and 7512 mg/L) for 48 h. Morphological changes of cells were observed with microscope after Wright-Giemsa staining and acridine orange staining. Cell proliferation was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and cell apoptosis was assessed with flow cytometry. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and protein carbonyl in culture medium were determined with colorimetric method. The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that excess iodine induced abnormal morphologic changes of cells, inhibited cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis rate. Iodine also reduced the activity of SOD, GSH-Px, and concentrations of GSH and increased the concentrations of MDA and protein carbonyl in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, excess iodine decreased the activity of eNOS and increased the activity of iNOS and the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in culture medium. Our results suggested that excess iodine exposure increased oxidative stress, caused damage of vascular endothelial cells, and altered the expression of adhesion factors and the activity of NOS. These changes may explain the mechanisms underlying excess iodine-induced vascular injury.

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Abbreviations

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

eNOS:

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase

GSH:

Glutathione

GSH-Px:

Glutathione peroxidase

ICAM-1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1

iNOS:

Induced nitric oxide synthase

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

VCAM-1:

Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81273016).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest that would prejudice the impartiality of this scientific work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institution of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Man Zhang, Xiaoyan Zou, Xinying Lin & Dan Liu

  2. Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Research, Jinan, Shandong, China

    Jianchao Bian

  3. Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Huicui Meng

Authors
  1. Man Zhang
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  2. Xiaoyan Zou
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  3. Xinying Lin
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  4. Jianchao Bian
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  5. Huicui Meng
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  6. Dan Liu
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Correspondence to Xinying Lin.

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Zhang, M., Zou, X., Lin, X. et al. Effect of Excessive Potassium Iodide on Rat Aorta Endothelial Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 166, 201–209 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-015-0264-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-015-0264-0

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