Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Probing Phosphorus Efficient Low Phytic Acid Content Soybean Genotypes with Phosphorus Starvation in Hydroponics Growth System

  • Published:
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient required for soybean growth but is bound in phytic acid which causes negative effects on both the environment as well as the animal nutrition. Lowering of phytic acid levels is associated with reduced agronomic characteristics, and relatively little information is available on the response of soybean plants to phosphorus (P) starvation. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different P starvation concentrations on the phytic acid content, growth, and yield of seven mutant genotypes along with the unirradiated control, JS-335, in a hydroponics growth system. The low phytic acid containing mutant genotypes, IR-JS-101, IR-DS-118, and IR-V-101, showed a relatively high growth rate in low P concentration containing nutrient solution (2 μM), whereas the high P concentration (50 μM) favored the growth of IR-DS-111 and IR-DS-115 mutant genotypes containing moderate phytate levels. The mutant genotypes with high phytic acid content, IR-DS-122, IR-DS-114, and JS-335, responded well under P starvation and did not have any significant effect on the growth and yield of plants. Moreover, the reduction of P concentration in nutrient solution from 50 to 2 μM also reduced the phytic acid content in the seeds of all the soybean genotypes under study. The desirable agronomic performance of low phytic acid containing mutant genotype IR-DS-118 reported in this study suggested it to be a P-efficient genotype which could be considered for agricultural practices under P limiting soils.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

PCA:

Principal component analysis

PA:

Phytic acid

SDW:

Seed dry weight

SHDW:

Shoot dry weight

SY:

Seed yield

KOH:

Potassium hydroxide

References

  1. Raboy, V., Dickinson, D. B., & Below, F. E. (1984). Variation in seed total phosphorus, phytic acid, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and protein among lines of Glycine max and G. soja. Crop Science, 24, 431–434.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Shi, J., Wang, H., Schellin, K., Li, B., Faller, M., Stoop, J. M., Meeley, R. B., Ertl, D. S., Ranch, J. P., & Glassman, K. (2007). Embryo-specific silencing of a transporter reduces phytic acid content of maize and soybean seeds. Nature Biotechnology, 25, 930–937.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kumar, V., Rani, A., Rajpal, S., Srivastava, G., Ramesh, A., & Joshi, O. P. (2005). Phytic acid in Indian soybean: genotypic variability and influence of growing location. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85, 1523–1526.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Corell, D. L. (1998). The role of phosphorus in the eutrophication of receiving waters: a review. Journal of Environmental Quality, 27, 261–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheryan, M., & Rackis, J. J. (1980). Phytic acid interactions in food systems. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 13, 297–335.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Beal, L., & Mehta, T. (1985). Zinc and phytate distribution in peas. Influence of heat treatment, germination, pH, substrate and phosphorus on pea phytate and phytase. Journal of Food Science, 50, 96–100.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hitz, W. D., Carlson, T. J., Kerr, P. S., & Sebastian, S. A. (2002). Biochemical and molecular characterization of a mutation that confers a decreased raffinosaccharide and phytic acid phenotype on soybean seeds. Plant Physiology, 128, 650–660.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Pen, J., Verwoerd, T. C., van Paridon, P. A., Beudeker, R. F., van den Elzen, P. J. M., Geerse, K., van der Klis, J. D., Versteegh, H. A. J., van Ooyen, A. J. J., & Hoekema, A. (1993). Phytase-containing transgenic seeds as a novel feed additive for improved phosphorus utilization. Nature Biotechnology, 11, 811–814.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Meis, S. J., Fehr, W. R., & Schnebly, S. R. (2003). Seed source effect on field emergence of soybean lines with reduced phytate and raffinose saccharides. Crop Science, 43, 1336–1339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Gaume, A., Machler, F., Leon, C. D., Narro, L., & Frossard, E. (2001). Low-P tolerance by maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes: significance of root growth, and organic acids and acid phosphatase root exudation. Plant and Soil, 228, 253–264.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Raboy, V., Hudson, S. J., & Dickson, D. B. (1985). Reduced phytic acid content does not have an adverse effect on germination of soybean seeds. Plant Physiology, 79, 323–325.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Biddinger, E. J., Liu, C., Joly, R. J., & Raghothama, K. G. (1998). Physiological and molecular responses of aeroponically grown tomato plants to phosphorus deficiency. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 123, 330–333.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Conn, S. J., Hocking, B., Dayod, M., Xu, B., Athman, A., Henderson, S., Aukett, L., Conn, V., Shearer, M. K., Fuentes, S., Tyerman, S. D., & Gilliham, M. (2013). Protocol: optimising hydroponic growth systems for nutritional and physiological analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana and other plants. Plant Methods, 9, 4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kumar, A., Kumar, V., Lal, S. K., Jolly, M., & Sachdev, A. (2014). Influence of gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on the levels of phytic acid, raffinose family oligosaccharides and antioxidants in soybean seeds of different genotypes. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 24, 204–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Raboy, V., & Dickinson, D. B. (1993). Phytic acid levels in seeds of Glycine max and G. soja as influenced by phosphorus status. Crop Science, 33, 1300–1305.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, H., Wang, X., Ma, Y., Wen, Z., Li, J., Zhang, H., Wu, Y., Lei, C., Wang, S., Wang, J., Geng, Z., Yang, C., Li, W., & Lu, W. (2013). Ecophysiological factors on phytic acid concentration in soybean seed. Crop Science, 53, 2195–2201.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Mollers, C., Lickfett, T., Matthaus, B. and Velasco, L. (1999) Influence of P-fertilizer on phytic acid content in seeds of Brassica napus L. and development of a NIRS calibration. In Proceedings of the 10th International Rapeseed Congress, Canberra, Australia, 26–29 September. Edited by N. Wratten and P.A. Salisbury. pp. 26–29.

  18. Abdolzadeh, A., Wang, X., Veneklaas, E. J., & Lambers, H. (2010). Effects of phosphorus supply on growth, phosphate concentration and cluster-root formation in three Lupinus species. Annals of Botany, 105, 365–374.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Jackson, C. A., Windes, J. M., Bregitzer, P., Obert, D., Price, W., & Brown, B. (2009). Phosphorus fertility effects on the expression of the low phytic acid barley phenotype. Crop Science, 49, 1800–1806.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Asada, K., Tanaka, K., & Kasai, Z. (1969). Formation of phytic acid in cereal grains. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 165, 801–814.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Michael, B., Zink, F., & Lantzch, H. J. (1980). Effect of phosphate application on phytin-phosphorous and other phosphate fractions in developing wheat grains. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science., 143, 369–376.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Raboy, V., & Dickinson, D. B. (1987). The timing and rate of phytic acid accumulation in developing soybean seeds. Plant Physiology, 85, 841–844.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Govt. of India for funding the National Fund Project (NASF) to carry out this research work. They are also thankful to Dr. S. K. Lal, Division of Genetics, IARI, New Delhi, for providing seeds of the different mutant genotypes.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biochemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India

    Alkesh Hada, Monica Jolly & Archana Sachdev

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India

    Varun Kumar & Tiratha Raj Singh

  3. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024, India

    Alkesh Hada & Andy Ganapathi

Authors
  1. Varun Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tiratha Raj Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alkesh Hada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Monica Jolly
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andy Ganapathi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Archana Sachdev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Archana Sachdev.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kumar, V., Singh, T.R., Hada, A. et al. Probing Phosphorus Efficient Low Phytic Acid Content Soybean Genotypes with Phosphorus Starvation in Hydroponics Growth System. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 177, 689–699 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1773-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1773-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation