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Characterization of the Bioactive Metabolites from a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Their Exploitation as Antimicrobial and Plant Growth-Promoting Agents

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Abstract

A plant growth-promoting bacterial strain, PM 105, isolated from a tea plantation soil from the North Eastern region of India was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa through classical and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene sequencing. Further studies with this strain confirmed broad spectrum antifungal activity against ten human and plant pathogenic fungal pathogens viz. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tubingensis, Candida albicans, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Pencillium expansum, Rhizoctonia solani, Trichophyton rubrum besides growth-promoting property in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). However, no antibacterial property was exhibited by this strain against the four test bacterial pathogens tested in agar overlay method. The crude bioactive metabolites produced by this strain were isolated with three different solvents that exhibited significant antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting activity. Chloroform extract recorded significant antimicrobial and plant growth-promoting activity. Three major compounds viz. 1-hydroxyphenazine, pyocyanin, and phenazine-1-carboxamide were purified and characterized from crude extracts of this strain by various spectral data. The purified compounds recorded prominent antimicrobial activity but failed to establish the plant growth promotion activity in test crop plants under gnotobiotic conditions. Pyocyanin recorded significant antimicrobial activity, and best activity was recorded against T. rubrum (29 mm), followed by P. expansum (28 mm). These results suggest the use of PM 105 as plant growth-promoting agent in crop plants after successful field trials.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Director CSIR-NIIST for his kind permission to carry out and publish this work. The authors are also grateful to Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) for funding. Nishanth Kumar. S thanks Kerala State Council for Science, Technology and Engineering (KSCSTE) for PDF fellowship. Acknowledgement is due to Department of Science and Technology (DST) for providing INSPIRE fellowship to Jubi Jacob (IF 130648).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Thiruvanathapuram, 695 019, Kerala, India

    Emrin George, S. Nishanth Kumar, Jubi Jacob, Bhaskara Bommasani, Ravi S. Lankalapalli & B. S. Dileep Kumar

  2. Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, 788 011, Assam, India

    P. Morang

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  1. Emrin George
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Correspondence to B. S. Dileep Kumar.

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George, E., Kumar, S.N., Jacob, J. et al. Characterization of the Bioactive Metabolites from a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Their Exploitation as Antimicrobial and Plant Growth-Promoting Agents. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 176, 529–546 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1593-3

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