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High Levan Production by Bacillus licheniformis NS032 Using Ammonium Chloride as the Sole Nitrogen Source

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Abstract

In this study, levan production by Bacillus licheniformis NS032 isolated from a petroleum sludge sample was investigated. High levan yield was obtained in a wide range of sucrose concentrations (up to 400 g/L) and, contrary to most levan-producing strains, using ammonium chloride as the sole N source. Interaction between sucrose, ammonium chloride, and initial pH of the medium in a low sucrose (60–200 g/L) and a high sucrose (300–400 g/L) system was analyzed by response surface methodology. According to the calculated model in the low sucrose system, maximum predicted levan yield was 47.8 g/L (sucrose 196.8 g/L, ammonium chloride 2.4 g/L, pH 7.0), while in the high sucrose system, levan yield was 99.2 g/L (sucrose 397.6 g/L, ammonium chloride 4.6 g/L, pH 7.4). In addition, protective effect of microbial levan against copper toxicity to Daphnia magna is observed for the first time. The acute toxicity (48 h EC50) of copper decreased from 0.14 to 0.44 mg/L by levan in concentration of 50 ppm.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia (III 43004). We are grateful to Dr. Zorka Dulic from Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade for the generous gift of D. magna.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    B. D. Kekez, V. P. Beskoski & M. M. Vrvic

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Njegoseva 12, P.O. Box 473, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    G. D. Gojgic-Cvijovic, D. M. Jakovljevic, J. R. Stefanovic Kojic, M. D. Markovic & M. M. Vrvic

Authors
  1. B. D. Kekez
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  2. G. D. Gojgic-Cvijovic
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  4. J. R. Stefanovic Kojic
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  6. V. P. Beskoski
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Correspondence to G. D. Gojgic-Cvijovic.

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Kekez, B.D., Gojgic-Cvijovic, G.D., Jakovljevic, D.M. et al. High Levan Production by Bacillus licheniformis NS032 Using Ammonium Chloride as the Sole Nitrogen Source. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 175, 3068–3083 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1475-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1475-8

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