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Osteoporosis and Periodontitis

  • Craniofacial Skeleton (E Roberts, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Osteoporosis and periodontitis are both diseases characterized by bone resorption. Osteoporosis features systemic degenerative bone loss that leads to loss of skeletal cancellous microstructure and subsequent fracture, whereas periodontitis involves local inflammatory bone loss, following an infectious breach of the alveolar cortical bone, and it may result in tooth loss. Most cross-sectional studies have confirmed the association of osteoporosis and periodontitis primarily on radiographic measurements and to a lesser degree on clinical parameters. Multiple shared risk factors include age, genetics, hormonal change, smoking, as well as calcium and vitamin D deficiency. Both diseases could also be risk factors for each other and have a mutual impact that requires concomitant management. Suggested mechanisms underlying the linkage are disruption of the homeostasis concerning bone remodeling, hormonal balance, and inflammation resolution. A mutual interventional approach is emerging with complex treatment interactions. Prevention and management of both diseases require interdisciplinary approaches and warrants future well-controlled longitudinal and interventional studies for evidence-based clinical guidelines.

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Acknowledgments

Partial support for this work was provided by the NIH: DK053904. The authors thank Victoria Zakrzewski for drawing Figure 1.

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  1. Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1101 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1078, USA

    Chin-Wei (Jeff) Wang & Laurie K. McCauley

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Correspondence to Chin-Wei (Jeff) Wang.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Craniofacial Skeleton

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Wang, CW.(., McCauley, L.K. Osteoporosis and Periodontitis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 14, 284–291 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11914-016-0330-3

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