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Imaging Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification: Translating Biology

  • Vascular Biology (J. Hamilton, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Calcification of atherosclerotic lesions was long thought to be an age - related, passive process, but increasingly data has revealed that atherosclerotic calcification is a more active process, involving complex signaling pathways and bone-like genetic programs. Initially, imaging of atherosclerotic calcification was limited to gross assessment of calcium burden, which is associated with total atherosclerotic burden and risk of cardiovascular mortality and of all cause mortality. More recently, sophisticated molecular imaging studies of the various processes involved in calcification have begun to elucidate information about plaque calcium composition and consequent vulnerability to rupture, leading to hard cardiovascular events like myocardial infarction. As such, there has been renewed interest in imaging calcification to advance risk assessment accuracy in an evolving era of precision medicine. Here we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the biologic process of atherosclerotic calcification as well as some of the molecular imaging tools used to assess it.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA

    Grant Bailey & Judith Meadows

  2. VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Avenue, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA

    Grant Bailey & Judith Meadows

  3. Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine), Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA

    Alan R. Morrison

  4. Providence VA Medical Center, 830 Chalkstone Avenue, Providence, RI, 02908, USA

    Alan R. Morrison

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Correspondence to Alan R. Morrison.

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This work was supported by Career Development Award Number 7IK2BX002527-02 from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Program (A.R.M.). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the United States government. This work was also supported in part by an Actelion ENTELLIGENCE Young Investigator Award (A.R.M.).

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Grant Bailey, Judith Meadows, and Alan R. Morrison declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Vascular Biology

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Bailey, G., Meadows, J. & Morrison, A.R. Imaging Atherosclerotic Plaque Calcification: Translating Biology. Curr Atheroscler Rep 18, 51 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-016-0601-6

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