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Virus/Allergen Interactions in Asthma

  • ALLERGENS (RK BUSH, SECTION EDITOR)
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Abstract

Understanding the underlying mechanisms that cause and exacerbate allergic asthmatic disease is of great clinical interest. Clinical studies have revealed that allergies and viral respiratory illnesses are strongly linked to the inception and exacerbation of asthma, and suggest the possibility that there are interactive inflammatory mechanisms. Recent work has revealed a number of mechanisms of virus and allergen cross-talk that may play a role in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma, including (1) deficiency in virus-induced interferon responses, (2) defective epithelial barrier function, (3) increased release of epithelium-derived cytokines (e.g., thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)-25, IL-33), (4) dysregulation of lymphocytes [e.g., innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs)], and (5) altered activation of purinergic receptors. One or more of these processes may provide targets for new therapeutics to treat allergic asthma and prevent disease exacerbation.

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Conflict of Interest

Monica L. Gavala declares that she has no conflict of interest.

Hiba Bashir declares that she has no conflict of interest.

James E. Gern has served as a consultant for GlaxoSmithKline, Biota Pharmaceuticals, Centocor, Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, MedImmune, Theraclone Sciences, Merck & Co., and Gilead Sciences, and has received grant support from AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, and Merck & Co.

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  1. Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA

    Monica L. Gavala

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 600 Highland Avenue K4/910, Madison, WI, 53792-9988, USA

    Hiba Bashir

  3. Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School, 600 Highland Avenue K4 ⁄ 918, Madison, WI, 53792-9988, USA

    James E. Gern

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  1. Monica L. Gavala
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  2. Hiba Bashir
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  3. James E. Gern
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Correspondence to Monica L. Gavala.

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Gavala, M.L., Bashir, H. & Gern, J.E. Virus/Allergen Interactions in Asthma. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 13, 298–307 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-013-0344-1

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