Skip to main content
Log in

Measuring the Influence of Pearlite Dissolution on the Transient Dynamic Strength of Rapidly Heated Plain Carbon Steels

  • Published:
JOM Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Carbon steels containing ferrite–pearlite microstructures weaken dramatically when pearlite dissolves into austenite on heating. The kinetics of this phase transformation, while fast, can play a role during dynamic, high-temperature manufacturing processes, including high-speed machining, when the time scale of this transformation is on the order of the manufacturing process itself. In such a regime, the mechanical strength of carbon steel can become time dependent. The present work uses a rapidly heated, high-strain-rate mechanical test to study the effect of temperature and time on the amount of pearlite dissolved and on the resulting transient effect on dynamic strength of a low and a high carbon (eutectoid) steel. Measurements indicate that the transient effect occurs for heating times less than about 3 s. The 1075 steel loses about twice the strength compared to the 1018 steel (85 MPa to 45 MPa) owing to its higher initial pearlite volume fraction. Pearlite dissolution is confirmed by metallographic examination of tested samples. Despite the different starting pearlite fractions, the kinetics of dissolution are comparable for the two steels, owing to the similarity in their initial pearlite morphology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. www.mgi.gov. Accessed 15 Dec 2015.

  2. T. Özel and Y. Karpat, Mater. Manuf. Process. 22, 659 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. T.J. Burns, S.P. Mates, R.L. Rhorer, E.P. Whitenton, and D. Basak, J. Mech. Phys. Solids 86, 220 (2015).

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  4. S.P. Mates, R. Rhorer, E. Whitenton, T. Burns, and D. Basak, Exp. Mech. 48, 799 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. S. Han, S.N. Melkote, M.S. Haluska, and T.R. Watkins, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 488, 195 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. V.A. Esin, B. Denand, Q. Le Bihan, M. Dehmas, J. Teixeira, G. Geandier, S. Denis, T. Sourmail, and E. Aeby-Gautier, Acta Mater. 80, 118 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. D.P. Datta and A.M. Gokhale, Metall. Trans. A 12A, 443 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. F.G. Caballero, C. Capdevila, and C. Garcia de Andres, Mater. Sci. Tech. Ser. 17, 686 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  9. F.L.G. Olivera, M.S. Andrade, and A.B. Cota, Mater. Charact. 58, 256 (2007).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. R.C. Dykhuizen, C.V. Robino, and G.A. Knorovsky, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 30B, 107 (1999).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. D. Gaudi-Fugarolas and H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, J. Mater. Sci. 38, 1195 (2003).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. G.T. Gray III, Metals Handbook, 10th ed., Vol. 8 (Materials Park: American Society of Metals, 2000), p. 462.

    Google Scholar 

  13. M.A. Meyers, Dynamic Behavior of Materials (New York: Wiley, 1994), p. 328.

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. F.S. LePera, Metallography 12, 263 (1979).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. T.F. Majka, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33A, 1627 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NIST Mechanical Performance Group and James Warren, NIST Technical Program Director for Materials Genomics. We also acknowledge the efforts of several NIST staff, including Mrs. Sandy Claggett for extensive assistance with metallography, Mrs. Maureen Williams for SEM imaging, and Chris Amigo for instrument fabrication. We also acknowledge the valuable assistance of Mr. Eran Vax and Mr. Eli Marcus of the Nuclear Research Center, Negev, Israel, for many improvements to the electrical heating control system.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Steven Mates.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mates, S., Stoudt, M. & Gangireddy, S. Measuring the Influence of Pearlite Dissolution on the Transient Dynamic Strength of Rapidly Heated Plain Carbon Steels. JOM 68, 1832–1838 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-1951-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-1951-9

Keywords

Navigation