Abstract
Selective harmonic elimination (SHE) in multilevel inverters is an intricate optimization problem that involves a set of nonlinear transcendental equations which have multiple local minima. A new advanced objective function with proper weighting is proposed and also its efficiency is compared with the objective function which is more similar to the proposed one. To enhance the ability of the SHE in eliminating high number of selected harmonics, at each level of the output voltage, one slot is created. The SHE problem is solved by imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). The conventional SHE methods cannot eliminate the selected harmonics and satisfy the fundamental component in some ranges of modulation indexes. So, to surmount the SHE defect, a DC-DC converter is applied. Theoretical results are substantiated by simulations and experimental results for a 9-level multilevel inverter. The obtained results illustrate that the proposed method successfully minimizes a large number of identified harmonics which consequences very low total harmonic distortion of output voltage.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
NGUYEN H M, LEE Hong-hee, CHUN Tae-Won. Input power factor compensation algorithms using a new direct-SVM method for matrix converter [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(1): 232–243.
MAO H, BOROYEVICH D, LEE F C. Multi-level 2-quadrant boost choppers for superconducting magnetic energy storage [C]// Proc. IEEE APEC’96. San Jose, CA, USA, 1996: 876–882.
TEICHMANN R, BERNET S. A comparison of three-level converters versus two-level converters for low voltage drives, traction and utility applications [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, 2005, 41(3): 855–865.
CHENG Y, QIAN C, CROW M L, PEKAREK S, ATCITTY S. A comparison of diode-clamped and cascaded multilevel converters for a STATCOM with energy storage [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2006, 53(5): 1512–1521.
SHUKLA A, GHOSH A, JOSHI A. State feedback control of multilevel inverters for DSTATCOM applications [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2007, 22(4): 2409–2418.
PAI Fu-sheng, HUANG Shyh-Jier. Design and operation of power converter for microturbine powered distributed generator with capacity expansion capability [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2008, 23(1): 110–118.
NFAH E M, NGUNDAM J M. Feasibility of pico-hydro and photovoltaic hybrid power systems for remote villages in Cameroon [J]. Renewable Energy, 2009, 34(6): 1445–1450.
ZAMBRA D A B, RECH C, PINHEIRO J R. Comparison of neutral point-clamped, symmetrical, and hybrid asymmetrical multilevel inverters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010, 57(7): 2297–2306.
YAMANAKA K, YAMADA K, KUMAGE A, TERADA T. Three-level neutral point clamping type inverter circuit [P]. US Patent 06,226,192. May 2001.
CORZINE K A, WIELEBSKI M W, PENG F Z, WANG Jin. Control of cascaded multilevel inverters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2004, 19(3): 732–738.
HAMMOND P W. Medium voltage PWM drive and method [P]. U.S. Patent 5, 625, 545. April 1997.
CORZINE K A, FAMILIANT Y L. A new cascaded multilevel H-bridge drive [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2002, 17: 125–131.
FRANQUELO L G, RODRIGUEZ J, LEON J I, KOURO S, PORTILLO R, PRATS M M. The age of multilevel converters arrives [J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine, 2008, 2(2): 28–39.
ZHANG Yong-chang, ZHAO Zheng-ming, ZHU Jian-guo. A hybrid PWM applied to high-power three-level inverter-fed induction-motor drive [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011, 58(8): 3409–3420.
YOUSEFPOOR N, FATHI S H, FAROKHNIA N, ABYANEH H A. THD minimization applied directly on the line-to-line voltage of multilevel inverters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2012, 59(1): 373–380.
LIU Yu, HONG H, HUANG A Q. Real-time calculation of switching angles minimizing THD for multilevel inverters with step modulation [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2009, 56(2): 285–293.
SAHALI Y, FELLAH M K. Comparison between optimal minimization of total harmonic distortion and harmonic elimination with voltage control candidates for multilevel inverters [J]. Journal of Electrical Systems, 2005, 1(3): 32–46.
FEI W, DU X, WU B. A generalized half-wave symmetry SHE-PWM formulation for multilevel voltage inverters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2010, 57(9): 3030–3038.
DU Z, TOLBERT L M, CHIASSON J. Active harmonic elimination for multilevel converters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2006, 21(2) 459–469.
OZPINECI B, TOLBERT L M, CHIASSON J N. Harmonic optimization of multilevel converters using genetic algorithms [J]. IEEE Power Electron Lett, 2005, 3(3): 92–95.
LOU H, MAO C, LU J, WANG D. LEE W J. Pulse width modulation AC/DC converters with line current harmonics minimization and high power factor using hybrid particle swarm optimization [J]. IET Power Electronics, 2009, 2(6): 686–696.
DU Z, TOLBERT L M, CHIASSON J N, OZPINECI B. Reduced switching-frequency active harmonic elimination for multilevel converters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2008, 55(4): 1761–1770.
SILVA C, OYARZUN J. High dynamic control of a PWM AC/DC converter using harmonic elimination [C]// 32nd Ann Conf IEEE Industrial Electronic Society (IECON 2006). Paris, France, 2006, 2569–2574.
OZPINECI B, TOLBERT L M, CHIASSON J N. Harmonic optimization of multilevel converters using genetic algorithms [J]. IEEE Power Electronics Letter, 2005, 3(3): 92–95.
KAVOUSI A, VAHIDI B, SALEHI R, BAKHSHIZADEH M K, FAROKHNIA N, FATHI S H. Application of the bee algorithm for selective harmonic elimination strategy in multilevel inverters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2012, 27(4): 1689–1696.
LI L, CZARKOWSKI D, LIU Y, PILLAY P. Multilevel selective harmonic elimination PWM technique in series-connected voltage converters [J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2000, 36(1): 160–170.
SHYU F S, LAI Y S. Virtual stage pulse-width modulation technique for multilevel inverter/converter [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2002, 17(3): 332–341.
MCKENZIE K J. Eliminating harmonics in a cascaded H-bridges multilevel inverter using resultant theory, symmetric polynomials, and power sums [D]. Univ Tennessee, Chattanooga, 2004.
HAGH M T, TAGHIZADEH H, RAZI K. Harmonic minimization in multilevel inverters using modified species-based particle swarm optimization [J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2009, 24(10): 2259–2267.
KHORANI V, RAZAVI F, DISFANI V R. A mathematical model for urban traffic and traffic optimization using a developed ica technique [J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2011, 12(4): 1024–1036.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ajami, A., Oskuee, M.R.J., Mokhberdoran, A. et al. Selective harmonic elimination method for wide range of modulation indexes in multilevel inverters using ICA. J. Cent. South Univ. 21, 1329–1338 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-014-2070-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-014-2070-9