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Seed Oils of Five Black Tartary Buckwheat Cultivars with Biochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Properties

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

Black tartary buckwheat oils (BTBOs) were extracted from five major industrial tartary buckwheat cultivars grown under similar agronomical activities and environmental conditions. These oils were characterized for the bioactive compounds containing fatty acids, β-carotene, lutein, α-, β-, δ- and γ-tocopherol, and for their antioxidant properties. The total tocopherol contents that were obtained ranged from 704.66 to 1156.19 mg/kg, with γ-tocopherol (588.98–977.91 mg/kg) as the main component. The concentration of lutein ranged from 253.14 to 429.63 mg/kg, which was almost ten times higher than that of β-carotenoid (46.71–69.2 mg/kg), indicating that black tartary buckwheat seed oils were a good source of lutein. The predominant fatty acids were unsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) (35.27–40.61 %) and linoleic acid (C18:2) (38.25–42.90 %). Excellent values of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activities were obtained and the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value of 13.89 mmol Trolox equiv/g oil was detected in the variety of Chuanqiao No. 1, which was clearly separated by principal component analysis (PCA) on the basis of the highest content of tocopherols and carotenoids. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that tocopherols and carotenoids were the major contributors to the antioxidant activities of the BTBOs. This study demonstrates that lipophilic extraction in the tartary buckwheat seed contains many interesting bioactive compounds, which are beneficial for human health.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by the Earmarked Found for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-08-D-2) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. NSFC31401650). The authors are grateful to Jiantao Zhao for suggestions on the language and structure of this manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Zhen Zhang, Caian He, Ruixue Zhu, Jing Shen, Yueli Yu, Qiang Peng & Min Wang

    2. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Jinfeng Gao

    3. Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences, No.79 Longcheng Street, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China

      Yunlong Li

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    1. Zhen Zhang
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    2. Caian He
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    9. Min Wang
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    Correspondence to Min Wang.

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    Zhen Zhang and Caian He contributed equally to this work.

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    Zhang, Z., He, C., Zhu, R. et al. Seed Oils of Five Black Tartary Buckwheat Cultivars with Biochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Properties. J Am Oil Chem Soc 93, 1127–1136 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-016-2856-z

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-016-2856-z

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