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Biodiesel Feedstock from Emulsions Produced by Aqueous Processing of Yellow Mustard

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Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society

Abstract

The multi-stage treatment of stable oil-in-water emulsions produced during non-enzymatic aqueous processing of dehulled yellow mustard flour with cyclic ethers [tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,4-dioxane] was investigated to produce a single-phase oil-solvent-water miscella suitable for biodiesel production. While the single-stage treatment of yellow mustard emulsion recovered 97 % and 95 % of the oil by using 4:1 THF:oil and 9:1 dioxane:oil weight ratios, respectively, miscella phases containing more than 7 % water formed, which made them unsuitable as biodiesel feedstock. Multi-stage treatments of the emulsion using lower THF:oil and dioxane:oil weight ratios were further developed to produce oil-solvent-water miscella phases with low water content. While three-stage extraction of emulsions using 0.5:1, 1:1, 1.5:1, and 2:1 dioxane:oil weight ratios did not destabilize the emulsion, three-stage extraction using 0.5:1 and 0.75:1 THF:oil weight ratios effectively recovered over 97 % of the oil, resulting in the production of oil-rich miscella phases containing only 1 % and 1.5 % water, respectively. These miscella phases were analyzed for free fatty acid and phosphorus contents and proved to be excellent feedstocks for the preparation of high-purity methyl esters through single-phase base-catalyzed transmethylation.

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Acknowledgments

This project was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through its strategic grants program. The technical assistance of Mr. Bih-King Chen and Ms. Helia Safaee is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 Collage Street, Room WB 24, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E5, Canada

    Solmaz Tabtabaei, David G. B. Boocock & Levente L. Diosady

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  1. Solmaz Tabtabaei
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  2. David G. B. Boocock
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  3. Levente L. Diosady
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Correspondence to Levente L. Diosady.

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Tabtabaei, S., Boocock, D.G.B. & Diosady, L.L. Biodiesel Feedstock from Emulsions Produced by Aqueous Processing of Yellow Mustard. J Am Oil Chem Soc 91, 1269–1282 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-014-2448-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-014-2448-8

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