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Soy Protein Alleviates Hypertension and Fish Oil Improves Diastolic Heart Function in the Han:SPRD-Cy Rat Model of Cystic Kidney Disease

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Lipids

Abstract

Abnormalities in cardiac structure and function are very common among people with chronic kidney disease, in whom cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death. Dietary soy protein and fish oil reduce kidney disease progression in the Han:SPRD-Cy model of cystic renal disease. However, the effects of these dietary interventions in preventing alterations in cardiac structure and function due to kidney disease (reno-cardiac syndrome) in a cystic kidney disease model are not known. Therefore, weanling Han:SPRD-Cy diseased (Cy/+) and normal (+/+) rats were given diets containing either casein or soy protein, and either soy or fish oil in a three-way design for 8 weeks. Diseased rats had larger hearts, augmented left ventricular mass, and higher systolic and mean arterial blood pressure compared to the normal rats. Assessment of cardiac function using two-dimensional guided M-mode and pulse-wave Doppler echocardiography revealed that isovolumic relaxation time was prolonged in the diseased compared to normal rats, reflecting a diastolic heart dysfunction, and fish oil prevented this elevation. Soy protein resulted in a small improvement in systolic and mean arterial pressure but did not improve diastolic heart function, while fish oil prevented diastolic heart dysfunction in this model of cystic kidney disease.

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Abbreviations

CKD:

Cystic kidney disease

CO:

Cardiac output

CP:

Casein protein

EF:

Ejection fraction

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

ET:

Ejection time

FO:

Fish oil

IVRT:

Isovolumic relaxation time

LVH:

Left ventricular hypertrophy

LVIDd:

Left ventricular internal dimension at diastole

LVM:

Left ventricular mass

MAP:

Mean arterial blood pressure

SO:

Soy oil

SP:

Soy protein

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). Support to N.I. was provided by the NSERC Food Advancement through Science and Training (FAST) program, the University of Manitoba Graduate Fellowship (UMGF), and the Libyan-North American scholarship program. S.T. was supported by the Manitoba Health Research Studentship. The authors thank Joy Gauthier and Tanja Winter for providing technical assistance.

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Correspondence to Thomas Netticadan or Harold Aukema.

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Ibrahim, N.H.M., Thandapilly, S.J., Jia, Y. et al. Soy Protein Alleviates Hypertension and Fish Oil Improves Diastolic Heart Function in the Han:SPRD-Cy Rat Model of Cystic Kidney Disease. Lipids 51, 635–642 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-015-4095-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-015-4095-8

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