Abstract
The current study evaluated the composition and relationships of polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products (PUFA-BHP) from the perirenal (PRF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) of yearling steers fed a 70 % grass hay diet with concentrates containing either sunflower-seed (SS) or flaxseed (FS). Analysis of variance indicated several groups or families of structurally related FA, and individual FA within these were affected by a number of novel oilseed by fat depot interactions (P < 0.05). Feeding diets containing SS increased the proportions of non-conjugated 18:2 BHP (i.e., atypical dienes, AD) and conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) with the first double bond from carbon 7 to 9, trans-18:1 isomers with double bonds from carbon 6 to 12, and these PUFA-BHP had greater proportions in SCF compared to PRF (P < 0.05). Enrichment of conjugated linolenic acids, AD and CLA isomers with the first double bond in position 11 or 12, and t-18:1 isomers with double bonds from carbon 13 to 16 were achieved by feeding diets containing FS, with PRF having greater proportions than SCF (P < 0.05). Principal component analysis visually confirmed interaction effects on these groups/families of FA, and further confirmed or suggested a number of relationships between PUFA-BHP. Feeding SS or FS in a grass hay diet and exploiting adipose tissue differences, therefore, present unique opportunities to differentially enrich a number of PUFA-BHP which seem to have positive health potential in humans (i.e., t11-18:1, c9,t11-18:2 and c9,t11,c15-18:3).
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Abbreviations
- ALA:
-
α-Linolenic acid
- ANOVA:
-
Analysis of variance
- AD:
-
Atypical dienes
- BCFA:
-
Branched-chin fatty acids
- BHP:
-
Biohydrogenation products
- c :
-
Cis
- CLA:
-
Conjugated linoleic acids
- CLNA:
-
Conjugated linolenic acids
- DM:
-
Dry matter
- FA:
-
Fatty acids
- FAME:
-
Fatty acid methyl esters
- GC:
-
Gas chromatography
- FS:
-
Flaxseed
- GH:
-
Grass hay
- LA:
-
Linoleic acid
- n-3:
-
Omega-3
- n-6:
-
Omega-6
- PRF:
-
Perirenal fat
- PUFA:
-
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
- PCA:
-
Principal component analysis
- RC:
-
Red clover silage
- SCF:
-
Subcutaneous fat
- SS:
-
Sunflower-seed
- SFA:
-
Saturated fatty acids
- t :
-
Trans
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Acknowledgments
Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency (ALMA) is acknowledged for funding this research. Drs C. Mapiye and T. D. Turner received NSERC Fellowships funded through ALMA.
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Mapiye, C., Aalhus, J.L., Turner, T.D. et al. Types of Oilseed and Adipose Tissue Influence the Composition and Relationships of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biohydrogenation Products in Steers Fed a Grass Hay Diet. Lipids 49, 275–286 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-013-3876-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-013-3876-1