Abstract
Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill is a Thai medicinal plant, which is often used with other medicinal plants for the treatment of cancers, AIDS, and septicemia diseases. Large numbers of this desirable plant can be produced using the plant tissue culture techniques. The objectives of this study were to investigate techniques of in vitro propagation and to examine the bioactive compounds: diosgenin-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl (1 → 2)–β-d-glucopyranoside (DBS1) content, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of the regenerated shoots compared to those of rhizomes growing in the field. For shoot induction, the highest numbers of shoots (2.8 ± 0.5) and nodes per shoot (5.7 ± 0.8) occurred after the single-nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l BA (6-benzyladenine) for 4 weeks. Shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.01 % activated charcoal (AC) and 2 mg/l BA in combination with 0.1 mg/l IAA or 0.2 mg/l NAA. The regenerated shoots were rooted on ½ MS medium supplemented with 0.01 % AC, 2 mg/l BA and 4 mg/l NAA for 8 weeks. The survival percentage was 71.88 and small rhizomes developed after transplanting for 4–6 weeks. The quantities of 0.37 ± 0.03 % (w/w) DBS1, 44.24 ± 8.47 mg GAE/g dry extract total phenolic and DPPH radical scavenging assay with EC50 value of 53.67 ± 4.16 µg/ml were determined from the regenerated shoots, while 3.27 ± 0.04 % (w/w) DBS1, 259.67 ± 7.34 mg GAE/g dry extract total phenolic and DPPH radical scavenging assay with EC50 value of 11.42 ± 3.28 µg/ml were found in the mother rhizomes.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by The Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission. Thanks are also given to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Boonhong Jongkid, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University and Mr. Norman R. Mangnall from Center of Excellence on Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research, Thammasat University for their kind assistance in the proof reading of this manuscript. A special thanks to Assoc. Prof. Dr. Kamon Bussaba, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University for his assistance in statistical analysis.
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Communicated by M. Capuana.
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Jirakiattikul, Y., Rithichai, P., Songsri, O. et al. In vitro propagation and bioactive compound accumulation in regenerated shoots of Dioscorea birmanica Prain & Burkill. Acta Physiol Plant 38, 249 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2268-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2268-6