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The role of xylopodium in Na+ exclusion and osmolyte accumulation in faveleira [Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (d. arg.) Pax et K. Hoffm] under salt stress

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate physiological and biochemical responses of faveleira under salinity. Plants were grown in nutrient solution containing 0, 50, 100 or 150 mM NaCl. After 8 days of stress, plants were harvested and separated into roots, xylopodium, stem + petiole (SP), and basal, median and apical leaves. Salinity reduced the dry weight of all plant parts, although the indicators of water status were not changed. Salt stress increased the content of Na+ in the different plant parts, especially in xylopodium, in which it increased approximately eightfold while the content of K+ decreased by approximately 40 % under 150 mM NaCl. As a consequence, the K+/Na+ ratio decreased in all plant organs. In stressed plants, the content of soluble sugars was increased in the roots, SP and leaf strata and the content of soluble proteins increased in all organs. The content of total free amino acids increased in the roots, SP and apical leaves, while the proline content increased in all organs except in xylopodium. It is suggested that the xylopodium may be involved in a mechanism of exclusion and/or compartmentalization of Na+ in faveleira under salinity to avoid ionic toxicity in the leaves.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Petrobrás for financial support and fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Mossoró, RN, CEP 59625-900, Brazil

    Mônica Danielly de Mello Oliveira & Lisiane Lucena Bezerra

  2. Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Laboratório de Estudos em Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, CEP 59078-970, Brazil

    Cibelley Vanucia Santana Dantas, Eduardo Luiz Voigt & Cristiane Elizabeth Costa de Macêdo

  3. Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Exatas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Sítio Cajueiro, Zona Rural, Catolé Do Rocha, PB, CEP 58884-000, Brazil

    Josemir Moura Maia

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  1. Mônica Danielly de Mello Oliveira
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  2. Lisiane Lucena Bezerra
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Correspondence to Cristiane Elizabeth Costa de Macêdo.

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Communicated by S. Renault.

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Oliveira, M.D.d.M., Bezerra, L.L., Dantas, C.V.S. et al. The role of xylopodium in Na+ exclusion and osmolyte accumulation in faveleira [Cnidoscolus phyllacanthus (d. arg.) Pax et K. Hoffm] under salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant 36, 2871–2882 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-014-1657-y

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