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Microbiote et maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin

Microbiota and inflammatory bowel diseases

  • Dossier Thématique / Thematic File
  • Published:
Côlon & Rectum

Résumé

Le microbiote intestinal, représenté par plusieurs centaines d’espèces bactériennes différentes, exerce des effets physiologiques dont les répercussions pour l’hôte sont, pour la plupart, bénéfiques. Chez les patients atteints de maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin (MICI), il a été mis en évidence la présence d’un déséquilibre dans la composition du microbiote intestinal ou dysbiose. Des études moléculaires ont permis de mettre en évidence certaines des perturbations de cet écosystème. Il a ainsi été observé une forte instabilité du microbiote au cours du temps, la présence de bactéries inhabituelles, une restriction de la biodiversité et une augmentation de la concentration bactérienne muqueuse.

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota, known to be composed by several hundred different bacterial species, exerts physiological effects with beneficial consequences for the host. Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, exhibit an imbalance in the composition of intestinal microbiota called dysbiosis. Molecular studies have highlighted some of these perturbations of the intestinal microbiota. It was thus observed a strong instability of the microbiota over time, the presence of unusual bacteria, a restriction of biodiversity and an increase in mucosal bacterial concentration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, LBM, 27 rue de Chaligny, 75012, Paris, France

    E. Quévrain

  2. INSERM-ERL 1157 and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), CHU Saint-Antoine, 27, rue de Chaligny, 75012, Paris, France

    E. Quévrain

  3. CNRS, UMR 7203 LBM, 75005, Paris, France

    E. Quévrain

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Correspondence to E. Quévrain.

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Quévrain, E. Microbiote et maladies inflammatoires chroniques de l’intestin. Colon Rectum 8, 141–145 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11725-014-0537-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11725-014-0537-3

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