Abstract
Selective laser melting (SLM) was used in fabricating the dense part from pre-alloyed Ti-6Al-4V powder. The microstructural evolution and inclusion formation of as-fabricated part were characterized in depth. The microstructure was characterized by features of columnar prior β grains and acicular martensite α'. High density defects such as dislocations and twins can be produced in SLM process. Investigations on the inclusions find out that hard alpha inclusion, amorphous CaO and microcrystalline Al2O3 are three main inclusions formed in SLM. The inclusions formed at some specific sites on melt pool surface. The microstructural evolution and inclusion formation of as-fabricated material are closely related to the SLM process.
References
Xin X, Xiang N, Chen J, et al. In vitro biocompatibility of Co–Cr alloy fabricated by selective laser melting or traditional casting techniques. Materials Letters, 2012, 88: 101–103
Thijs L, Verhaeghe F, Craeghs T, et al. A study of the microstructural evolution during selective laser melting of Ti–6Al–4V. Acta Materialia, 2010, 58(9): 3303–3312
Simonelli M, Tse Y Y, Tuck C. On the texture formation of selective laser melted Ti–6Al–4V. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 2014, 45(6): 2863–2872
Murr L E, Quinones S A, Gaytan S M, et al. Microstructure and mechanical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V produced by rapid-layer manufacturing, for biomedical applications. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 2009, 2(1): 20–32
Manero J M, Gil F J, Planell J A. Deformation mechanisms of Ti–6Al–4V alloy with a martensitic microstructure subjected to oligocyclic fatigue. Acta Materialia, 2000, 48(13): 3353–3359
Vandenbroucke B, Kruth J P. Selective laser melting of biocompatible metals for rapid manufacturing of medical parts. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2007, 13(4): 196–203
Sears JW. Current processes for the cold-wall melting of titanium. JOM, 1990, 42(3): 17–21
Cotton J, Clark L, Phelps H. Titanium investiment casting defects: A metallographic overview. JOM, 2006, 58(6): 13–16
Zhang Y, Cao X, Wanjara P, et al. Oxide films in laser additive manufactured Inconel 718. Acta Materialia, 2013, 61(17): 6562–6576
Hartman M, Pata J, Coughlin R W. Influence of porosity of calcium carbonates on their reactivity with sulfur dioxide. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 1978, 17(4): 411–419
Sofie S W, Dogan F. Freeze casting of aqueous alumina slurries with glycerol. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2001, 84 (7): 1459–1464
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, Q., Hu, N., Yang, X. et al. Microstructure and inclusion of Ti–6Al–4V fabricated by selective laser melting. Front. Mater. Sci. 10, 428–431 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-016-0354-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-016-0354-8