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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2 photocatalyst: Magnetic recovery and reuse

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Abstract

A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania (Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2) tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEM and TEM characterization revealed well-developed and homo-geneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426-791, Republic of Korea

    Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran & Hee Taik Kim

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426-791, Republic of Korea

    Muhammad S. Haider

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, HH Campus, Punjab, Pakistan

    Muhammad S. Haider

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  1. Nadir Abbas
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  2. Godlisten N. Shao
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Correspondence to Hee Taik Kim.

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Abbas, N., Shao, G.N., Imran, S.M. et al. Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe3O4-SiO2-TiO2 photocatalyst: Magnetic recovery and reuse. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng. 10, 405–416 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-016-1579-x

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