Abstract
A range of natural oils such as rapeseed, sunflower, corn, linseed, and mustard ones has been used for fatty acid ethyl esters synthesis. The last as pure biodiesel B100 were mixed with fossil diesel B0 to form blends B20, B40, B60, and B80. This study reports the effects of engine load and biodiesel percentage on the performance and emission of a tractor diesel engine fueled with biodiesel–diesel blends. It is stated that mixed fuels little inferior to mineral diesel in engine performance, but the observed reduction is not critical. The results showed that the engine performance (effective power and torque) depends primarily on the content of acids with C18 carbon chain in the oil. It was also found that the highest performance among the blended fuels is introduced by ethyl esters of rapeseed oil, while corn and mustard oil ethyl esters presented the lowest emissions level. The emissions of rapeseed, sunflower, corn, linseed, and mustard ethyl esters are all lower than the base mineral fuel.
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Abbreviations
- B100 :
-
100% Biodiesel
- B20 :
-
20% Biodiesel + 80% mineral diesel
- B40 :
-
40% Biodiesel + 60% mineral diesel
- B60 :
-
60% Biodiesel + 40% mineral diesel
- B80 :
-
80% Biodiesel + 20% mineral diesel
- KA:
-
Potassium form of zeolite A
- GC:
-
Gas chromatograph
- SFC:
-
Specific fuel consumption (kg/kW.hr)
- CO:
-
Carbon monoxide
- CO2 :
-
Carbon dioxide
- NOx :
-
Nitrogen oxides
- PM:
-
Particulate matter
- T:
-
Torque (N.m)
- Ne :
-
Engine effective power (kW)
- η e :
-
Engine efficiency
- KOH:
-
Potassium hydroxide
- HHV:
-
Higher heating value (MJ.kg−1)
- LHV:
-
Lower heating value (MJ.kg−1)
- Θ:
-
Injection timing angle (°)
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Acknowledgements
The authors wish to express their gratitude to R.V. Likhniovsky for assistance in calorimetric analysis of ethyl esters.
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Patrylak, L.K., Okhrimenko, M.V., Levterov, A.M. et al. Engine performance and emission of biodiesel fuel prepared from different Ukrainian natural oils. Chem. Pap. 73, 1823–1832 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00755-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-019-00755-4