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Prevention of Scum Formation and Entrapment in High Carbon Steel Billets

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Abstract

Gradual build-up of scum over the liquid steel surface in the mould gives rise to entrapped exogenous inclusions and slag patch in the cast billets. The problem is more commonly observed during the open stream casting of continuous casting of high carbon (C > 0.6 mass%) steel billets. This problem has been quite commonly observed at Tata Steel during its billet casting. Present work aimed at eliminating the problem of scum formation during open stream billet casting of high carbon steel billets. This work involved experiments in the laboratory as well as in the plant. In addition, based on liquid steel composition thermodynamic calculations were carried out for predicting the possible oxide inclusions in Mn-Si deoxidised steels. Water model experiments were carried out in a full-scale billet caster physical model for investigating the influence of tundish outlet nozzle alignment on the entrapment of scum as slag patch over the billet surface. Based on these, cause of scum formation and its exact mechanism of entrapment in cast billets were established. Finally, countermeasures were recommended to the plant. Adequacy of the proposed countermeasures was established through a series of trials in the plant before implementation. Improvement obtained from the implementation over a period of time has been reported in the paper.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are grateful to the management of Tata Steel Ltd. for providing permission to publish the work. Valuable help received from Mr. E. Z. Chacko, Mr. Manisankar Laru, Mr. G. Dinesh, Mr. Rajesh and Mr. Vikram Sharma is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Division, Tata Steel Ltd, PO: Burmamines, Jamshedpur, 831007, India

    Murali Krishna Adepu, Preeti Prakash Sahoo & Shiv Kumar Choudhary

  2. Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia

    Bapin Kumar Rout

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  1. Murali Krishna Adepu
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  2. Preeti Prakash Sahoo
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  3. Bapin Kumar Rout
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  4. Shiv Kumar Choudhary
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Correspondence to Murali Krishna Adepu.

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Adepu, M.K., Sahoo, P.P., Rout, B.K. et al. Prevention of Scum Formation and Entrapment in High Carbon Steel Billets. J Fail. Anal. and Preven. 17, 513–521 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-017-0270-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11668-017-0270-y

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