Abstract
In this work, a high-energy planetary mill was used to modify the chemical stability of indium-bearing zinc ferrite (indium-bearing ZnFe2O4, IBZF) and improve indium and zinc leachabilities. The microstructures, morphologies, and leaching characteristics of IBZF samples milled under different milling conditions were investigated by particle size analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area analysis, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, Mössbauer spectrometry, and leaching experiments. The results show that the planetary ball milling has obvious effects on the microstructure and leaching characteristic of IBZF. Increasing the rotation speed and milling time cause the increase in the specific surface area, structure defects, and the breakage of the crystalline network, which result in a significant increase of indium and zinc extractions. In particular, the changes of crystal lattice structure induced by planetary ball milling play a key role in improving indium and zinc leachabilities from IBZF. The planetary ball milling also results in the redistribution of Zn2+ and Fe3+ in IBZF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.H. Yao, X.H. Li, and Y.W. Li, Study on Indium Leaching from Mechanically Activated Hard Zinc Residue, J. Min. Metall. Sect. B, 2011, 47B, p 63–67
J. Kano, E. Kobayashi, W. Tongamp, S. Miyagi, and F. Saito, Non-Thermal Reduction of Indium Oxide and Indium Tin Oxide by Mechanochemical Method, J. Alloys Compd., 2009, 484, p 422–425
Š. Langová, J. Leško, and D. Matýsek, Selective Leaching of Zinc from Zinc Ferrite with Hydrochloric Acid, Hydrometallurgy, 2009, 95, p 179–182
Y. Zhang, X. Li, L. Pan, X. Liang, and X. Li, Studies on the Kinetics of Zinc and Indium Extraction from Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite, Hydrometallurgy, 2010, 100, p 172–176
N. Leclerc, E. Meux, and J. Lecuire, Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Zinc from Zinc Ferrites, Hydrometallurgy, 2003, 70, p 175–183
A. Tang, L. Su, C. Li, and W. Wei, Effect of Mechanical Activation on Acid-leaching of Kaolin Residue, Appl. Clay Sci., 2010, 48, p 296–299
T.C. Yuan, Q.Y. Cao, and J. Li, Effects of Mechanical Activation on Physicochemical Properties and Alkaline Leaching of Hemimorphite, Hydrometallurgy, 2010, 104, p 136–141
Z. Zhao, Y. Zhang, X. Chen, and A. Chen, Effect of Mechanical Activation on the Leaching Kinetics of Pyrrhotite, Hydrometallurgy, 2009, 99, p 105–108
Y. Zhang, X. Li, L. Pan, Y. Wei, and X. Liang, Effect of Mechanical Activation on the Kinetics of Extracting Indium from Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite, Hydrometallurgy, 2010, 102, p 95–100
J.H. Yao, X.H. Li, L.P. Pan, and J.M. Mo, Enhancing Physicochemical Properties and Indium Leachability of Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite Mechanically Activated Using Tumbling Mill, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2012, 43, p 449–459
H. Yuan, Y. An, G. Xu, and C. Chen, Hydriding Behavior of Magnesium-based Hydrogen Storage Alloy Modified by Mechanical Ball-Milling, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2004, 83, p 340–344
A.A. Cristóbal, E.F. Aglietti, M.S. Conconi, and J.M. Porto López, Structural Alterations During Mechanochemical Activation of a Titanium-Magnetite Mixture, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2008, 111, p 341–345
S. Rosenkranz, S. Breitung−Faes, and A. Kwade, Experimental Investigations and Modelling of the Ball Motion in Planetary Ball Mills, Powder Technol., 2011, 212, p 224–230
M. Uzunova-Bujnova, D. Dimitrov, D. Radev, A. Bojinova, and D. Todorovsky, Effect of the Mechanoactivation on the Structure, Sorption and Photocatalytic Properties of Titanium Dioxide, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2008, 110, p 291–298
S.D. Shenoy, P.A. Joy, and M.R. Anantharaman, Effect of Mechanical Milling on the Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of Coprecipitated Ultrafine Zinc Ferrite, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2004, 269, p 217–226
B.P. Rao and K.H. Rao, Distribution of In3+ Ions in Indium-Substituted Ni-Zn-Tiferrites, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2005, 292, p 44–48
J. Stejskal, M. Trchová, J. Brodinová, P. Kalenda, S.V. Fedorova, J. Prokeš, and J. Zemek, Coating of Zinc Ferrite Particles with a Conducting Polymer, Polyaniline, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2006, 298, p 87–93
G. Fan, Z. Gu, L. Yang, and Li. Feng, Nanocrystalline Zinc Ferrite Photocatalysts Formed Using the Colloid Mill and Hydrothermal Technique, Chem. Eng. J., 2009, 155, p 534–541
M. Thosmas and K.C. George, Infrared and Magnetic Study of Nanophase Zinc Ferrite, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 2009, 47, p 81–86
S. Singhal, T. Namgyal, S. Bansal, and K. Chandra, Effect of Zn Substitution on the Magnetic Properties of Cobalt Ferrite Nano Particles Prepared Via Sol-Gel Route, J. Electromagn. Anal. Appl., 2010, 2, p 376–381
A.H. Elsayed, M.S. Mohy Eldin, A.M. Elsyed, A.H. Abo Elazm, E.M. Younes, and H.A. Motaweh, Synthesis and Properties of Polyaniline/Ferrites Nanocomposites, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2011, 6, p 206–221
J.S. Jiang, L. Gao, X.L. Yang, and J.K. Guo, Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Zinc Ferrite, J. Chin Univ., 1999, 20, p 1–4
R.K. Sharma, O. Suwalka, N. Lakshmi, and K. Venugopalan, Synthesis of Chromium Substituted Nano Particles of Cobalt Zinc Ferrites by Coprecipitation, Mater. Lett., 2005, 59, p 3402–3405
E.J. Choi, Y. Ahn, and K. Song, Mössbauer study in zinc ferrite nanoparticles, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 2006, 301, p 171–174
V. Šepelák, U. Steinike, D.Chr. Uecker, S. Wißmann, and K.D. Becker, Structural Disorder in Mechanosynthesized Zinc Ferrite, J. Solid State Chem., 1998, 135, p 52–58
H. Ehrhardta, S.J. Campbell, and M. Hofmann, Structural Evolution of Ball-Milled ZnFe2O4, J. Alloys Compd., 2002, 339, p 255–260
V. Šepelák, K. Tkáčová, V.V. Boldyrev, S. Wiβmann, and K.D. Becker, Mechanically Induced Cation Redistribution in ZnFe2O4 and Its Thermal Stability, Physica B, 1998, 234–236, p 617–619
M.R. Anantharaman, S. Jagatheesan, K.A. Malini, S. Sindhu, A. Narayanasamy, C.N. Chinnasamy, J.P. Jacobs, S. Reijne, K. Seshan, R.H.H. Smits, and H.H. Brongersma, On the Magnetic Properties of Ultra-fine Zinc Ferrites, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1998, 189, p 83–88
V. Šepelák, S. Wiβmann, and K.D. Becker, Magnetism of Nanostructured Mechanically Activated and Mechanosynthesized Spinel Ferrites, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 1999, 203, p 135–137
V. Nachbaur, G. Tauvel, T. Verdier, M. Jean, J. Juraszek, and D. Houvet, Mechanosynthesis of Partially Inverted Zinc Ferrite, J. Alloys Compd., 2009, 473, p 303–307
O.M. Lemine, M. Bououdina, M. Sajieddine, A.M. Al-Saie, M. Shafi, A. Khatab, M. Al-hilali, and M. Henini, Synthesis, Structural, Magnetic and Optical Properties of Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4, Physica B, 2011, 406, p p1989–p1994
S.J. Stewart, S.J.A. Figueroa, M.B. Sturla, R.B. Scorzelli, F. García, and F.G. Requejo, Magnetic ZnFe2O4 Nanoferrites Studied by X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism and Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Physica B, 2007, 389, p 155–158
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully thank the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51064002) and Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2012jjAA20053).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yao, J.H., Li, X.H., Pan, L.P. et al. Investigations on Indium and Zinc Leachabilities from Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite Improved by Planetary Ball Milling. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 22, 1311–1318 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-012-0352-7
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-012-0352-7