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Secondary Vortex Formation in Bifurcated Submerged Entry Nozzles: Numerical Simulation of Gas Bubble Entrapment

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Abstract

The submerged entry nozzle (SEN) flow behavior is crucial for continuous casting of slab steel since it controls the mold flow pattern. In this study, we focus on the bottom zone of a bifurcated SEN where the flow deflection determines the port outflow. By applying a hybrid finite volume and lattice Boltzmann-based turbulence model, the dynamic behavior of horizontally orientated secondary vortices is investigated. In addition to the pure liquid metal flow, gas bubbles are traced in both discrete and continuous way. Simulation results indicate the existence of highly turbulent secondary vortices in the deflection zone of a bifurcated SEN, which attract gas bubbles in form of bubble threads or continuous gas volumes at their rotational axes. In addition, cyclically detaching gas volumes are formed at the upper port region at higher gas flow rates. Numerical predictions agree well with observations from physical water–air models.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank M. Thumfart and J. Kerbl, both from Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria, for the experimental video and for grid generation. This work was financed by the K1MET center for metallurgical research in Austria, which is partly funded by the Austrian government (www.ffg.at).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Particulate Flow Modelling, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria

    Stefan Pirker (Head of Department), Damir Kahrimanovic (Senior Researcher) & Simon Schneiderbauer (Deputy Head of Department)

  2. Department of Process Technologies, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Damir Kahrimanovic (Senior Researcher)

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  1. Stefan Pirker
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  2. Damir Kahrimanovic
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  3. Simon Schneiderbauer
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Correspondence to Stefan Pirker.

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Manuscript submitted November 6, 2014.

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Pirker, S., Kahrimanovic, D. & Schneiderbauer, S. Secondary Vortex Formation in Bifurcated Submerged Entry Nozzles: Numerical Simulation of Gas Bubble Entrapment. Metall Mater Trans B 46, 953–960 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-014-0250-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-014-0250-5

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