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Solidification and Melting of Aluminum onto Circular Cylinders Under Forced Convection: Experimental Measurements and Numerical Modeling

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Abstract

The solid–liquid interface is examined as aluminum solidifies and melts onto a circular cylinder in flowing liquid aluminum. Cylinders of different elemental composition from aluminum were immersed into liquid aluminum flow-fields under conditions which promote the aluminum solid–liquid interface to move forward and then in reverse. The solidification and melting time (SMT) of the aluminum shell was measured by thermocouples located on the surface of the cylinder. These thermocouples monitor the point in time where the receding solid–liquid interface approaches the surface of the cylinder. The data demonstrate that the shell solidifies and melts faster closer to the stagnation point. ANSYS Fluent, which incorporates an enthalpy algorithm, was utilized to predict this phase change process. When a thermal resistance is implemented at the cylinder–aluminum interface, there is good agreement between the numerically predicted and the experimentally measured aluminum shell SMTs. The effect of various magnitudes of thermal resistance at the cylinder–aluminum interface was explored on the local aluminum SMTs.

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Abbreviations

∆:

Difference

ρ :

Density

µ :

Dynamic viscosity

Θ:

Angular coordinate

A :

Mushy zone damping parameter

c :

Specific heat

H :

Enthalpy

h :

Heat transfer coefficient

k :

Thermal conductivity

L :

Latent heat of solidification

n :

Normal vector

P :

Pressure

R :

Thermal resistance

S :

Interface position

S :

Source term

SPH :

Superheat

T :

Temperature

t :

Time

u :

x component of velocity

v :

y component of velocity

Al:

Aluminum

cyl:

Cylinder

s:

Solid

int:

Interface

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) for financial support. We thank Professor Markus Bussmann of the Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering at the University of Toronto for providing access to ANSYS Fluent and we thank Sharon Chi-Yan Li for her assistance with the figures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E4, Canada

    Mitren Sukhram (Graduate Student) & Stavros A. Argyropoulos (Professor Emeritus)

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  1. Mitren Sukhram
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  2. Stavros A. Argyropoulos
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Correspondence to Stavros A. Argyropoulos.

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Manuscript submitted August 29, 2013.

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Sukhram, M., Argyropoulos, S.A. Solidification and Melting of Aluminum onto Circular Cylinders Under Forced Convection: Experimental Measurements and Numerical Modeling. Metall Mater Trans B 45, 1723–1738 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-014-0114-z

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