Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Nb-Microalloying on the Formation of Nano/Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Mechanical Properties During Martensite Reversion Process in a 201-Type Austenitic Stainless Steel

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, influence of Nb-microalloying on formation of nano/ultrafined grain microstructure and mechanical properties during martensite reversion process in a 201-type austenitic stainless steel microalloyed with Nb was investigated. For this purpose, the 90 pct cold-rolled samples with almost fully martensitic microstructure were reversion annealed at 1023 K to 1173 K (750 °C to 900 °C) for 5 to 1800 seconds. The microstructural evolution was characterized using X-ray diffractometer, Ferritescope, optical microscope, scanning, and transmission electron microscopes. Mechanical properties were evaluated using hardness and tensile tests. The reversion mechanism was found to be diffusion controlled. In comparison with other types of 201 steel, the kinetics of grain growth at 1173 K (900 °C) was much slower in the Nb-bearing steel, being related to the rapid precipitation of nano-sized Nb-rich carbonitrides during reversion process. At this temperature, the finest austenitic microstructure was achieved in the specimen reversion annealed for 60 seconds, possessing a microstructure composed of nano and ultrafined grains with an average grain size of 93 nm. This specimen exhibited an excellent combination of ultrahigh strength (yield strength of 1 GPa and tensile strength of 1.5 GPa) and good ductility (tensile elongation of 35 pct).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L.P. Karjalainen, T. Taulavuori, M. Sellman, A. Kyrolainen: Steel. Res. Int., 2008, vol. 79, pp. 404-412.

    Google Scholar 

  2. E. Ma: Scripta Mater., 2003, vol. 49, pp. 663-68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. D.L. Johannsen, A. Kyrolainen and P.J. Ferriera: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2006, vol. 37A, pp. 2325-38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. M.C. Somani, P. Juntunen, L.P. Karjalainen, R.D.K. Misra, and A. Kyrolainen: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2009, vol. 40A, 729-44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. R.D.K. Misra, S. Nayak, P.K.C. Venkatasurya, V. Ramuni, M.C. Somani and L.P. Karjalainen: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2010, vol. 41A, pp. 2162-74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. R.D.K. Misra, Z. Zhang, P.K.C. Venkatasurya, M.C. Somani and L.P. Karjalainen: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, vol. 527, pp. 7779-92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. P. Behjati, A. Kermanpur and A. Najafizadeh: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2013, vol. 44A, pp. 3524-31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. P. Behjati, A. Kermanpur, A. Najafizadeh and H. Samaei Baghbadorani: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2014, vol. 592, pp. 77-82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. M. Eskandari, A. Kermanpur and A. Najafizadeh: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2009, vol. 40A, pp. 2241-49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. S. Rajasekhara, L.P. Karjalainen, A. Kyrolainen and P.J. Ferreira: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, vol. 527, pp. 1986-96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. A. Di Schino, J. Kenny: Mater. Sci. Lett. 2002, vol. 2l, pp. 1631–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. R. Kumar, B. Das, K. Swapan, B. Mahato and R. N. Ghosh: J. Mater. Sci., 2010, vol. 45, pp. 911-18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Eskandari, A. Najafizadeh and A. Kermanpur: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2009, vol. 519, pp. 46-50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. A. Kisko, A. Hamada, L.P. Karjalainen and J. Talonen: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Reversion Treated High Mn Austenitic 204Cu and 201 Stainless Steels, HMnS 2011, Paper B-19, Grand Hilton Hotel, Seoul, May 15–18, 2011.

  15. M. Moallemi, A. Najafizadeh, A. Kermanpur and A. Rezaee: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2011, vol. 530, pp. 378-81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. A. Rezaee, A. Kermanpur, A. Najafizadeh and M. Moallemi: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2011, vol. 528, pp. 5025-29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. A. Kisko, R.D.K. Misra, J. Talonen and L.P. Karjalainen: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, vol. 578, pp. 408-16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. S.H. Cho, Κ.Β. Kang and J.J. Jonas: ISIJ Int., 2001, vol. 41, pp. 63-69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. G.R. Stewart, J.J. Jonas and F. Montheillet: ISIJ Int., 2004, vol. 44, pp. 1581-89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Shaban and B. Eghbali: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2010, vol. 527, pp. 4320-25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Sadeghpour, A. Kermanpur and A. Najafizadeh: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, vol. 584, pp. 177-83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. I. Tamura, H. Sekine, T. Tancaka and C. Ouchi. Thermomechanical Processing of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels, London, Butterworth and Co Ltd., 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Y.K. Lee, J.E. Jin and Y.Q. Ma: Scripta Mater., 2007, vol. 57, pp. 707-10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. L.G. Martinez, K. Imakuma and A.F. Padilha: Steel Res., 1992; vol. 63, pp. 221-23.

    Google Scholar 

  25. A. Rezaee, A. Kermanpur, A. Najafizadeh, M. Moallemi and H. Samaei Baghbadorani: Mater. Des. 2013, vol. 46, pp. 49-53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. R.D.K. Misra, S. Nayak, S.A. Mali, J.S. Shah, M.C. Somani and L.P. Karjalainen: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2010, vol. 41A, pp. 3-12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. K. Tomimura, S. Takaki, S. Tanimoto and Y. Tokunaga: ISIJ Int., 1991, vol. 31, pp. 721-27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. K. Tomimura, S. Takaki and Y. Tokunaga: ISIJ Int., 1991, vol. 31, pp. 1431-37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. J.C. Herman, B. Donnay, and V. Leroy: ISIJ Int., 1992, vol. 32, pp. 779-85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J.S. Park, Y.S. Ha, S.J. Lee and Y.K. Lee: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2009, vol. 40A, pp. 560-68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. R.D.K. Misra, H. Zheng, K.M. Wu and L.P. Karjalainen: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2013, vol. 579, pp. 188-93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. G.H. Eichelmann and F.C. Hull: Trans. Am. Soc. Met., 1953, vol. 45, pp. 77-104.

    Google Scholar 

  33. A. Rezaee, A. Kermanpur, A. Najafizadeh and M. Moallemi: Mater. Des., 2011, vol. 32, 4437-42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Moallemi: M.Sc. Thesis, Isfahan University of Technology, 2011.

  35. D.J. Dyson and B. Holmes: J. Iron Steel Res. Int., 1970, vol. 208, pp. 469-74.

    Google Scholar 

  36. G.E. Dieter, Mechanical Metallurgy, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  37. G.K. Allan: Ironmak. Steelmak., 1995, vol.22, pp. 465-77.

    Google Scholar 

  38. S. Venugopal, C. Ravishankar, S.L. Mannan and Y.V.R.K. Prasad: Scripta Metall. Mater., 1994, vol. 30, pp. 1611-16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. L. Kaufman, E.V. Clougherty and R.J. Weiss: Acta Metall., 1963, vol. 11, pp. 323-35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran

    Hojjat Samaei Baghbadorani (Researcher), Ahmad Kermanpur (Associate Professor), Abbas Najafizadeh (Professor), Peiman Behjati (Researcher), Mohammad Moallemi (Researcher) & Ahad Rezaee (Researcher)

  2. Fould Institute of Technology, 8491663763, Fouldshare, Iran

    Abbas Najafizadeh (Professor)

Authors
  1. Hojjat Samaei Baghbadorani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ahmad Kermanpur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Abbas Najafizadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Peiman Behjati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mohammad Moallemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ahad Rezaee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hojjat Samaei Baghbadorani.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted June 1, 2014.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Baghbadorani, H.S., Kermanpur, A., Najafizadeh, A. et al. Influence of Nb-Microalloying on the Formation of Nano/Ultrafine-Grained Microstructure and Mechanical Properties During Martensite Reversion Process in a 201-Type Austenitic Stainless Steel. Metall Mater Trans A 46, 3406–3413 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2931-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-2931-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation