Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Precipitation Behavior of AA2618

  • Published:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The precipitation behavior of AA2618 was studied by a multitude of characterization techniques: microhardness testing, lattice parameter measurement through X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atom probe field ion microscopy (APFIM). The matrix lattice parameter increased during the first 20 hours of natural aging, due to the formation of Cu clusters and decreased over the next 24 hours, due to the formation of Mg-rich clusters. Prior natural aging weakened subsequent artificial aging hardening at 180 °C, 200 °C, and 230 °C, due to the cluster reversion that delayed the precipitation of strengthening phases. The matrix lattice parameter exhibited erratic changes during artificial aging that corresponded to the formation and partial dissolution of Guinier–Preston–Bagaryatsky (GPB) zones, the transformation of GPB zones to GPB2 zones, and the precipitation of S′. The structural changes during the artificial aging of AA2618 occur in this sequence: supersaturated solid solution → clusters + GPB → GPB + GPB2 → GPB2 + S′ → S′+ S → S.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Shimadzu is a trademark of Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., Kyoto, Japan.

  2. PHILIPS is a trademark of Philips Electronic Instruments Corp., Mahwah, NJ.

  3. Perkin–Elmer is a trademark of Perkin–Elmer Physical Electronics, Eden Prairie, MN.

  4. JEOL is a trademark of Japan Electron Optics Ltd., Tokyo.

  5. LEAP is a trademark of the Imago Scientific Instruments Corporation, Madison, WI.

References

  1. Aluminum : Properties and Physical Metallurgy, J.E. Hatch, ed., ASM INTERNATIONAL, Metals Park, OH, 1984, pp. 25–57

  2. Y.A. Bagaryatskii: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1952, vol. 87, pp. 397–400

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Y.A. Bagaryatskii: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1952, vol. 87, pp. 559–61

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. J.M. Silcock: J. Inst. Met., 1960–61, vol. 89, pp. 203–10

    Google Scholar 

  5. H. Perlitz, A. Westgren: Arkiv Kemi Mineral. Geol., 1943, vol. 16B (13), pp. 990–94

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. Charai, T. Walther, C. Alfonso, A.-M. Zahra, C.Y. Zahra: Acta Mater., 2000, vol. 48, pp. 2751–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. T. Takahashi, T. Sato: Keikinzoku, 1985, vol. 35(1), pp. 41–49

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. L. Kovarik, P.I. Gouma, C. Kisielowski, S.A. Court, M.J. Mills: Acta Mater., 2004, vol. 52, pp. 2509–20

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. H.-C. Shih, N.-J. Ho, J.C. Huang: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1996, vol. 27A, pp. 2479–94

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. S.C. Wang, M.J. Starink, N. Gao: Scripta Mater., 2006, vol. 54, pp. 287–91

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. R.N. Wilson, D.M. Moore, P.J.E. Forsyth: J. Inst. Met., 1967, vol. 95(6), pp. 177–83

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. H. Suzuki, I. Araki, M. Kanno, K. Itoi: J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1977, vol. 27(5), pp. 239–45 (in Japanese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. A.K. Gupta, A.K. Jena, M.C. Chaturvedi: Mater. Sci Technol., 1987, vol. 3(12), pp. 1012–18

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. A.K. Gupta, M.C. Chaturvedi, A.K. Jena: Mater. Sci Technol., 1989, vol. 5(1), pp. 52–55

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. M.C. Chaturvedi, A.K. Gupta, A.K. Jena: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1989, vol. 110, pp. 187–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. K. Jena, A.K. Gupta, M.C. Chaturvedi: Metall. Trans. A, 1993, vol. 24A, pp. 2181–87

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. C.R. Hutchinson, S.P. Ringer: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2000, vol. 31A, pp. 2721–33

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Esmaeili, D.J. Lloyd, W.J. Poole: Acta Mater., 2003, vol. 51(12), pp. 3467–81

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S. Esmaeili, X. Wang, D.J. Lloyd, W.J. Poole: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2003, vol. 34A, pp. 751–63

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. D.G. Eskin: J. Mater. Sci., 2003, vol. 38, pp. 279–90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. R.N. Wilson, P.J.E. Forsyth: J. Inst. Met., 1966, vol. 94(1), pp. 8–13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. H.Y. Hunsicker: Metall. Trans. A, 1980, vol. 11A, pp. 759–73

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. T.V. Rajan: Trans. Ind. Inst. Met., 1973, vol. 26 (6), pp. 72–74

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. S.E. Naess: Scripta Metall., 1969, vol. 3 (3), pp. 179–81

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. D.E. Passoja, S. Popovic, P. Barrand: Metall. Trans., 1974, vol. 5, pp. 715–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M.J. Starink, V.M.F. Abeels, P.V. Mourik: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1993, vol. 163, pp. 115–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. D. Jin, Y. Nakayama, T. Takaai, Y. Yamada: J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1996, vol. 46 (5), pp. 237–42 (in Japanese)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Hirouchi, Y. Minonishi: J. Jpn. Inst. Met., 1970, vol. 34(9), pp. 936–49 (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  29. I.N.A. Oguocha, S. Yannacopoulos: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1997, vol. 231, pp. 25–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. I.N.A. Oguocha, S. Yannacopoulos: J. Mater. Sci., 1999, vol. 34 (14), pp. 3335–40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. I.N.A. Oguocha, Y. Jin, S. Yannacopoulos: Mater. Sci. Technol., 1997, vol. 13(3), pp. 173–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. R.N. Wilson, P.G. Partridge: Acta Metall., 1965, vol. 13, pp. 1321–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. A.K. Jena, A.K. Gupta, M.C. Chaturvedi: Acta Metall., 1989, vol. 37(3), pp. 885–95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. R.P. Ringer, K. Hono: Mater. Charact., 2000, vol. 44, pp. 101–31.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. K. Hono: Acta Mater., 1999, vol. 47(11), pp. 3127–45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. S.P. Ringer, I.J. Polmear, T. Sakurai: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1996, vol. 217/218, pp. 273–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. S.P. Ringer, K. Hono, I.J. Polmear, T. Sakurai: Acta Mater., 1996, vol. 44(5), pp. 1883–98

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. H. Lu, P. Kadolkar, T. Ando, C.A. Blue, R. Mayer: TMS Lett., 2004, vol. 1(3), pp. 47–48

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. P. Kadolkar, H. Lu, C.A. Blue, T. Ando, and R. Mayer: Proc. 25th Forging Industrial Technical Conf., Forging Industry Association and the Forging Industry Educational and Research Foundation, Detroit, MI, 2004, pp. 58–69

  40. B.D. Cullity, S.R. Stock: Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2001, pp. 324–44

    Google Scholar 

  41. C. Suryanarayana, G.M. Norton: X-Ray Diffraction: A Practical Approach, Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1998, pp. 153–66

    Google Scholar 

  42. R. Kervick, C.A. Blue, P.B. Kadolkar, T. Ando, H. Lu, R. Mayer, and G. Mochnal: Report Prepared for DOE-EERE Industrial Technologies Program (ORNL/TM-2006/30), DOE-EERE Industrial Technologies Program, 2006, http://www.osti.gov/bridge/product.biblio.jsp?query_id=1&page=0&osti_id=886705

  43. K.R. Van Horn: J. Met., 1953, vol. 197, pp. 405–22

    Google Scholar 

  44. H.J. Axon, W. Hume-Rothery: Proc. R. Soc. (London), 1948, vol. A193, pp. 1–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. S.P. Ringer, T. Sakurai, I.J. Polmear: Acta Mater., 1997, vol. 45(9), pp. 3731–44

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. J. Takamura, M. Koike, K. Furukawa: J. Nucl. Mater., 1978, vols. 69–70, pp. 738–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. M. Murayama, K. Hono: Acta Mater.,1999, vol. 47(5), pp. 1537–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. C.B. Zhang, W. Sun, H.Q. Ye: Phil. Mag. Lett., 1989, vol. 59(6), pp. 265–71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. A.K. Gupta, P. Gaunt, M.C Chaturvedi: Phil. Mag. A, 1987, vol. 55(3), pp. 375–87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. J. Majimel, G. Molenat, M.J. Casanove, D. Schuster, A. Denquin, G. Lapasset: Scripta Mater., 2002, vol. 46, pp. 113–19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was sponsored by the United States Department of Energy, the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Industrial Technologies Program, Supporting Industries Subprogram, Industrial Materials for the Future and Aluminum Program, under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, with UT-Battelle, LLC. The authors thank Howard Mayer, The Queen City Forging Company (Cincinnati OH), for supplying the aluminum billets for forging.

Author information

Author notes

  1. H. Lu (Graduate Student, Senior Engineer)

    Present address: Altran Solutions, 451 D Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA

  2. P. Kadolkar

    Present address: Contech Metal Forge, 901 Alfred Thun Road, Clarksville, TN, 37040, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    H. Lu (Graduate Student, Senior Engineer), K. Nakazawa & T. Ando (Professor)

  2. Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA

    P. Kadolkar & C.A. Blue (Deputy Division Director of Technology)

Authors
  1. H. Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Kadolkar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. K. Nakazawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. T. Ando
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. C.A. Blue
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to T. Ando.

Additional information

Manuscript submitted March 26, 2007.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lu, H., Kadolkar, P., Nakazawa, K. et al. Precipitation Behavior of AA2618. Metall Mater Trans A 38, 2379–2388 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9295-2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-007-9295-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation