Abstract
This paper provides an improved understanding of the movement mechanisms of both bed-rock gully and sandy soil gully when underground mining occurs underneath, followed by systematic analysis of the contributing factors such as mining advance direction, gully slope angle, gully erosion coefficient and mining height. This paper presents the results from monitoring, theoretical analyses and up to date modeling based on the geological features in the gully affected area, and the implications of these results to the success of roof support trial. It was observed that when mining occurred towards the gully, sliding of slope block along the fracture surface occurred, which resulted in unstable roof condition; when mining progressed away from the gully, polygon blocks developed in the gully slope and rotated in reversed direction forming hinged structure; within the bed-rock slope, the hinged structure was unstable due to shear failure of the polygon block; however, within the sandy soil slope, the structure was relatively stable due to the gradual rotating and subsiding of the polygon block. The increase of the value of slope angle and mining height lead to a faster and more intensive fracture development within the gully slope, which had a pronounced effect on gully slope stability and underground pressure. Various remediation approaches are hence proposed in this paper including introducing more powerful support and reasonable mining height, setting up working face along or away from gullies, using room and pillar, strip mining and backfill instead of longwall mining.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Altun AO, Yilmaz I, Yildirim M (2010) A short review on the surficial impacts of underground mining. Scientific Research and Essays 5(21): 3206–3212.
Chen YL, Cai QX, Shang T et al. (2012) Zonal extraction technology and numerical simulation analysis in open pit coal mine. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 22(4): 487–491.
Cui F, Zhang HX, Liu PL, et al. (2011) Study on water conservation mining with aeolian sand paste backfill in coal mine at desert border. Coal Science and Technology 39(2): 10–13. (In Chinese)
ERGINAL AE, TÜRKEŞ M, ERTEK TA (2008) Geomorphological investigation of the excavation-induced Dundar landslide, Bursa, Turkey. Geografiska Annaler Series A-physical Geography 90A(2): 109–123.
Fan KG, Liu GL, Xiao TQ (2010) Study on overlying strata movement and structure features aroused by mountainous shallow buried coal seam mining. In: Wang CQ, Bu CS, Guo WJ, et al. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Mine Hazards Prevention and Control, Qingdao, 12: 76–82.
Fan GW, Zhang DS, Zhai DY et al. (2009) Laws and mechanisms of slope movement due to shallowly buried coal seam mining under ground gully. Journal of Coal Science and Engineering 15(4): 346–350.
Ji H, Yu XY (2012) Analysis and study on formation mechanism of subsidence disaster in gully region of shallow depth seam. Coal Engineering (6): 69–71. (In Chinese)
Jiang ZQ, Meng QC, Wang HK (2011) Analysis of coal pillar for water preserved mining in Shennan mining area, Shaanxi province. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control 22(2): 87–91. (In Chinese)
Kang JR (2008) Analysis of effect of fissures caused by underground mining on ground movement and deformation. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering 27(1): 59–64. (In Chinese)
Li WX, Mei SH, Zai SH et al. (2006) Fuzzy models for analysis of rock mass displacements due to underground mining in mountainous areas. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 43(4): 503–511.
Lin SZ (1989) A modelling research into slope deformation activities associated with underground mining. Journal of Xi’an College of Geology 11(4): 70–79, 112. (In Chinese)
Malgot J, Baliak F, Mahr T (1986) Prediction of the influence of underground coal mining on slope stability in the Vtáčnik Mountains. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 33(1): 57–65.
Marschalko M, Fuka M, Treslin L (2008) Influence of mining activity on selected landslide in the Ostrava Karvina coal field. Acta Monica Slovaca 13(1): 58–65.
Marschalko M, Treslin L (2009) Impact of underground mining to slope deformation genesis at Doubrava Ujala. Acta Monica Slovaca 14(3):232–240.
Miao XX, Wang A, Sun YJ, et al. (2009) Research on basic theory of mining with water resources protection and its application to arid and semi-arid mining areas. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering 28(2): 217–227. (In Chinese)
Peng XZ, Cui XM, Li CY, et al. (2008) Design and practice of room & pillar water-preserved mining for shallowly buried coal seam in north of Shanxi province. Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering 25(3): 301–304. (In Chinese)
Singh R, Mandal PK, Singh AK, et al. (2008) Upshot of strata movement during underground mining of a thick coal seam below hilly terrain. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 45(1): 29–46.
Singh, VK (2006) Slope stability study for optimum design of an opencast project. Journal of Science & Industrial Research 65(1): 47–56.
He MC, Feng JL, Sun XM (2008) Stability evaluation and optimal excavated design of rock slope at Antaibao open pit coal mine, China. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 45(3): 289–302.
Tang FQ (2009). Research on mechanism of mountain landslide due to underground mining. Journal of Coal Science and Engineering 15(4): 351–354.
Wang J, Yao L, Hussain A (2010) Analysis of earthquaketriggered failure mechanisms of slopes and sliding surfaces. Journal of Mountain Science 7(3): 282–290.
Wang SM, Huang QX, Fan LM, et al. (2010) Study on overburden aquclude and water protection mining regionazation in the ecological fragile mining area. Journal of China Coal Society 35(1): 7–14. (In Chinese)
Wang XF (2009) Study on mining-induced slope activity mechanism and its control of shallow coal seam in gullygrowth-wide mining area. PhD thesis, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou. (In Chinese)
Wang XF, Zhang DS, Fan GW, et al. (2011) Underground pressure characteristics analysis in back-gully mining of shallow coal seam under a bedrock gully slope. Mining Science and Technology 21(1): 23–27.
Yang JH (2010) Structural analysis of instability behavior for roof strata in shallow seam. Master thesis, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an. (In Chinese)
Yin GZ, Li XS, Li YJ (2012) Simulation on the deformation and failure response features and stability of a slope from open pit mining to underground mining under the effecting of excavation goaf by the floor friction model. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 34(3): 231–238. (In Chinese)
Yuan T (2011) Research on mining subsidence laws in Shaanxi loess gully region. Master thesis, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an. (In Chinese)
Zhang DS, Fan GW, Wang XF (2012) Characteristics and stability of slope movement response to underground mining of shallow coal seams away from gullies. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 22(1): 47–50.
Zhang ZQ, Xu JL, Zhu WB et al. (2012) Simulation research on the influence of eroded primary key strata on dynamic strata pressure of shallow coal seams in gully terrain. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 22(1): 51–55.
Zhong XC (2007) Researches on overlying strata movement in shallow coal seam under mountain valley. Master thesis, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou. (In Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, Xf., Zhang, Ds., Zhang, Cg. et al. Mechanism of mining-induced slope movement for gullies overlaying shallow coal seams. J. Mt. Sci. 10, 388–397 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-013-2455-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-013-2455-5