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Induced polyploidization increases 20-hydroxyecdysone content, in vitro photoautotrophic growth, and ex vitro biomass accumulation in Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen

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Abstract

The present study aimed to verify the effects of induced polyploidization on Pfaffia glomerata regarding its 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) production both in vitro and under greenhouse conditions, its in vitro photoautotrophic potential, and its ex vitro biomass accumulation and photosynthetic performance. Synthetic polyploidization efficiently produced individuals with increased in vitro photoautotrophic potential and ex vitro biomass accumulation, although photosynthetic rates per leaf area did not vary between diploids and tetraploids. Among the five tetraploids tested (P28, P60, P68, P74, and P75), P28 showed significantly increased biomass both in vitro and ex vitro when compared with diploid plants, whereas the other tetraploids did not differ significantly from the diploids in terms of biomass accumulation. Although photosynthetic rates per unit leaf area remained constant among all the plants tested, P28 showed a significantly greater total leaf area, which may have resulted in an increase in net photosynthesis on a whole-plant basis. Under greenhouse conditions, the 20E content in the tetraploid P28 was 31% higher than that in diploid plants, and the final 20E mass per plant produced by P28 ex vitro was approximately twice that produced by diploid plants. Accumulation of 20E in vitro did not follow the same pattern observed among the plants ex vitro; instead, greater accumulation was observed in diploid plants. The induction of polyploidy in P. glomerata appears to be a promising strategy for producing plants with higher biomass accumulation and 20E production ex vitro, in addition to its higher in vitro photoautotrophic potential.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [MCT 480675/2009-0; PDJ 500874/2012-3; PQ 303201/2010-10, and MCTI 459529/2014-5 to WCO], the Minas Gerais State Research Foundation (FAPEMIG) [CAG-APQ-01036-09; CRA-APQ-01651-13; CRA-BPD-00046-14], and CAPES (PNPD) for financial support. We also thank Dr. Roberto Vieira and Dr. Rosa das Neves Alves (National Center for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology—Embrapa/Cenargen, Brasília, DF, Brazil) for providing Pfaffia glomerata accessions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos (LCTII)/BIOAGRO, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Avenida Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

    João Paulo Oliveira Corrêa, Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro, Diego Silva Batista, Ana Cláudia Ferreira da Cruz, Marcela Morato Notini, Débora Márcia Silva Freitas & Wagner Campos Otoni

  2. Laboratório de Fisiologia Molecular de Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

    Camilo Elber Vital

  3. Centro de Pesquisas em Florestas, Fundação Estadual de Pesquisa Agropecuária, BR 287, Acesso VCR 830, km 4,5, Boca do Monte, CP 346, 97001-970, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Cleber Witt Saldanha

  4. Laboratório de Nutrição e Metabolismo de Plantas, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil

    Fábio Murilo DaMatta

Authors
  1. João Paulo Oliveira Corrêa
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  2. Camilo Elber Vital
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  3. Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro
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  4. Diego Silva Batista
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  5. Cleber Witt Saldanha
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  6. Ana Cláudia Ferreira da Cruz
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  7. Marcela Morato Notini
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  8. Débora Márcia Silva Freitas
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  9. Fábio Murilo DaMatta
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  10. Wagner Campos Otoni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wagner Campos Otoni.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Authors’ Contributions

JPOC, CEV, DMSF, MMN, MVMP, DSB, CWS, and ACFC performed the experiments. JPOC and ACFC raised the in vitro plants for the experiments. JPOC, FMD, and WCO contributed to the design and interpretation of the research and to the writing of the paper.

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Editor: David Duncan

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Corrêa, J.P.O., Vital, C.E., Pinheiro, M.V.M. et al. Induced polyploidization increases 20-hydroxyecdysone content, in vitro photoautotrophic growth, and ex vitro biomass accumulation in Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 52, 45–55 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-016-9746-9

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