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Some new species and new varieties of Marasmius (Marasmiaceae, Basidiomycota) from Atlantic Rainforest areas of São Paulo State, Brazil

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Abstract

Marasmius is a widely represented genus in tropical areas, particularly in the Neotropics, which holds exceptional diversity. Previous studies have shown that traditional sections of the genus (e.g. sensu Singer) are still in conflict with phylogenetic data. This paper addresses some issues concerning morphology at the sectional level, section Neosessiles in particular, with regards to taxonomic concepts and partial phylogenetic relationships of new Neotropical species with interesting combinations of inter-sectional characteristics. Taxa descriptions in this study include Marasmius conchiformis sp. nov., M. conchiformis var. dispar var. nov., M. conchiformis var. lenipileatus var. nov., M. griseoroseus, M. griseoroseus var. diminutus var. nov., M. linderoides sp. nov., and M. longisetosus sp. nov. Some of these taxa have pleurotoid habit, and because this condition is poorly known in Marasmius, we considered it appropriate to look at their phylogenetic placement with respect to other species of the genus. We conducted Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood analyses on ribosomal 28S long subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) alignments to verify the singularity of the new taxa and to make an assessment of their relationships, regarding morphology, to other species of Marasmius. Overall, molecular and morphological data do support three new distinctive species and three varieties. Part of our findings also supports the view of some macromorphological and micromorphological characters as being highly homoplasic.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Antônio Víctor da Costa for his knowledge of the trails and assistance in collecting specimens in the field; Klei Sousa for the illustrations; Dr. Jean-Marc Moncalvo at the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) for permiting the inclusion of ITS/LSU sequences of M. griseoroseus in the analyses and general instructions; the anonymous reviewers for relevant contribution to this paper; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo for financial support (FAPESP 2011/02269-1 granted to Jadson J.S. Oliveira, FAPESP 2009/53272-2 granted to Marina Capelari) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for financial support to Marina Capelari. This paper is part of a Doctoral thesis project that was developed in the “Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente” program at the Instituto de Botânica.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Av. Miguel Estéfano 3687, 04301-012, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Jadson José Souza de Oliveira & Marina Capelari

  2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada

    Santiago Sanchez-Ramirez

  3. Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, ON, M5S 2C6, Canada

    Santiago Sanchez-Ramirez

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  1. Jadson José Souza de Oliveira
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  2. Santiago Sanchez-Ramirez
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  3. Marina Capelari
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Correspondence to Jadson José Souza de Oliveira.

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de Oliveira, J.J.S., Sanchez-Ramirez, S. & Capelari, M. Some new species and new varieties of Marasmius (Marasmiaceae, Basidiomycota) from Atlantic Rainforest areas of São Paulo State, Brazil. Mycol Progress 13, 923–949 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-014-0978-y

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