Abstract
Purpose Optimal display of surgical planning data in the operating room is challenging. In liver surgery, an expressive and effective intraoperative visualization of 3D planning models is still a pressing need. The objective of this work is to visualize surgical planning information using a map display.
Methods An approach for risk analysis and visualization of planning models is presented which provides relevant information at a glance without the need for user interaction. Therefore, we present methods for the identification and classification of critical anatomical structures in the proximity of a preoperatively planned resection surface. Shadow-like distance indicators are introduced to encode the distance from the resection surface to these critical structures on a risk map. The work is demonstrated with examples in liver resection surgery and evaluated within two user studies.
Results The results of the performed user studies show that the proposed visualization techniques facilitate the process of risk assessment in liver resection surgery and might be a valuable extension to surgical navigations system.
Conclusion The approach provides a new and objective basis for the assessment of risks during liver surgery and has the potential to improve the outcome of surgical interventions.
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Acknowledgments
The authors express gratitude to all involved physicians, in particular Nicholas Wendt (Sankt Josef Hospital, Bremen, Germany), Gregor Stavrou, Human Honarpisheh (Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany), Marcello Donati (University of Catania, Italy), and Hauke Lang (University Hospital Mainz, Germany) for the fruitful discussions.
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This paper won the NDI Best Paper Student Award at the CARS 2012 Congress in Pisa.
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Hansen, C., Zidowitz, S., Ritter, F. et al. Risk maps for liver surgery. Int J CARS 8, 419–428 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-012-0790-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-012-0790-6