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Emergency stent-graft implantation for iatrogenic peripheral arterial rupture

Posizionamento di endoprotesi in emergenza per il trattamento della rottura iatrogena delle arterie periferiche

  • Emergency Radiology / Radiologia D’Urgenza ed Emergenza
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

We evaluated the experience with and efficacy of stent-grafting for iatrogenic peripheral arterial ruptures.

Materials and methods

From 2005 to 2009 we performed stent-grafting on four male patients (age 38–67 years) with iatrogenic peripheral arterial ruptures. In patient 1, grointissue necrosis followed a subcutaneous injection and led to femoral arterial rupture. Pseudoaneurysms ruptured in patients 2 and 3 who were undergoing femoral arteriotomy. Patient 1 experienced a ruptured carotid artery during neck surgery. Shock occurred in three of the four patients. Four patients underwent self-expanding stent-grafting (8 mm×60 mm or 8 mm×80 mm) under local anaesthesia.

Results

Haemorrhages were controlled in all patients. No procedure-related complications occurred. Patient 1 died of lung metastases 13 months after stent-grafting. Follow-up examinations showed that the stent-graft remained patent in patients 1, 2 and 4, whereas stent occlusion occurred after 15 months in patient 3; in this case, a pseudoaneurysm proximal to the stent was identified, and although repeat stent-grafting successfully stopped the bleeding, the patient died of multiple organ failure 1 week later.

Conclusions

Emergency stent-grafting is a technically feasible and therapeutically effective modality for treating high-risk patients who experience iatrogenic peripheral arterial ruptures. The efficient treatment of hypotension and early endovascular intervention will improve the prognosis.

Riassunto

Obiettivo

Scopo del presente lavoro è valutare la nostra esperienza nell’utilizzo di endoprotesi e la loro efficacia nel trattamento delle rotture iatrogene delle arterie periferiche.

Materiali e metodi

Dal 2005 al 2009 abbiamo posizionato quattro endoprotesi in altrettanti pazienti (età 38–67 anni) con rottura iatrogena delle arterie periferiche. Nel paziente 1, la necrosi dei tessuti molli inguinali, sviluppatasi in seguito ad una iniezione sottocutanea, ha portato alla rottura dell’arteria femorale. Nei pazienti 2 e 3, che sono stati sottoposti ad arteriotomia femorale, si è verificata la rottura di pseudoaneurisma. Il paziente 4 ha subito la rottura della carotide durante un intervento chirurgico al collo. Tre su quattro pazienti sono entrati in stato di shock. A tutti i pazienti è stata posizionata un’endoprotesi autoespandente (8 mm×60 mm or 8 mm×80 mm) in anestesia locale.

Risultati

In tutti i casi si è avuto un arresto dell’emorragia. Non ci sono state complicanze correlate alle procedure. Il paziente 1 è morto per metastasi polmonari 13 mesi dopo il posizionamento dell’endoprotesi. Gli esami di follow-up hanno dimostrato che le endoprotesi nei pazienti 1, 2 e 4 sono rimaste pervie, mentre nel paziente 3 si è occlusa dopo 15 mesi; in quest’ultimo caso, è stato individuato uno pseudoaneurisma prossimale allo stent e, nonostante il posizionamento di una nuova endoprotesi abbia bloccato l’emorragia, il paziente è morto per insufficienza multiorgano una settimana dopo.

Conclusioni

Il posizionamento in emergenza di endoprotesi è una modalità tecnicamente realizzabile e terapeuticamente efficace nel trattamento di pazienti ad alto rischio che hanno subito la rottura iatrogena di un’arteria periferica. Un efficiente trattamento ipotensivo e un precoce intervento endovascolare migliorano la prognosi.

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Correspondence to L. Xiao.

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Xiao, L., Shen, J. & Tong, J.J. Emergency stent-graft implantation for iatrogenic peripheral arterial rupture. Radiol med 118, 152–157 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-012-0826-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-012-0826-6

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