Abstract
We give a survey of a variety of recent results about the distribution and some geometric properties of points (x, y) on modular hyperbolas \({xy \equiv a\;(\mod m)}\). We also outline a very diverse range of applications of such results, discuss multivariate generalisations and suggest a number of open problems of different levels of difficulty.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahmadi O., Shparlinski I.E.: Distribution of matrices with restricted entries over finite fields, Indag. Math. (N.S.) 18, 327–337 (2007)
Alford W.R., Granville A., Pomerance C.: There are infinitely many Carmichael numbers. Ann. of Math. 39(2), 703–722 (1994)
Aliev I.M., Gruber P.M.: An optimal lower bound for the Frobenius problem. J. Number Theory 123, 71–79 (2007)
Aliev I.M., Henk M., Hinrichs A.: Frobenius numbers. J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 118, 525–531 (2011)
Alkan E., Stan F., Zaharescu A.: Lehmer k-tuples. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 134, 2807–2815 (2006)
Alkan E., Xiong M., Zaharescu A.: Quotients of values of the Dedekind eta function. Math. Ann. 342, 157–176 (2008)
Andrews G.E.: A lower bound for the volume of strictly convex bodies with many boundary lattice points. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 106, 270–279 (1963)
V.I. Arnold, Statistics of integral convex polygons, Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen., 14 (1980), no. 2, 1–3 (in Russian).
M.O. Avdeeva, On the statistics of partial quotients of finite continued fractions, Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen, 38 (2004), no. 2, 1–11 (in Russian); transl. as Funct. Anal. Appl.
Ayyad A.: The distribution of solutions of the congruence \({x_1x_2x_3\ldots x_n \equiv c\;(\mod p)}\). Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 127, 943–950 (1999)
Ayyad A., Cochrane T.: Lattices in \({\mathbb{Z}^2}\) and the congruence \({xy+uv\equiv c\;(\mod m)}\). Acta Arith. 132, 127–133 (2008)
Ayyad A., Cochrane T., Zheng Z.: The congruence \({x_1x_2 \equiv x_3x_4\;(\mod p)}\), the equation x 1 x 2 = x 3 x 4 and the mean value of character sums. J. Number Theory 59, 398–413 (1996)
S. Baier, Multiplicative inverses in short intervals, preprint, 2012, arXiv: 1208.3393.
R.C. Baker, Kloosterman sums with prime variable, preprint, 2011.
A. Balog and J.-M. Deshouillers, On some convex lattice polytopes, In: Number Theory in Progress, 2, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1999, pp. 591–606.
Banks W.D., Heath-Brown D.R., Shparlinski I.E.: On the average value of divisor sums in arithmetic progressions. Int. Math. Res. Not. 2005, 1–25 (2005)
Bárány I., Pach J.: On the number of convex lattice polygons. Combin. Probab. Comput. 1, 295–302 (1992)
Beck J., Khan M.R.: On the uniform distribution of inverses modulo n. Period. Math. Hungar. 44, 147–155 (2002)
Beck M., Einstein D., Zacks S.: Some experimental results on the Frobenius problem, Experiment. Math. 12, 263–269 (2003)
Beiter M.: Magnitude of the coefficients of the cyclotomic polynomial F pqr . II. Duke Math. J. 38, 591–594 (1971)
Boca F.P.: Products of matrices \({\left[\begin{array}{ll}1\quad 1\\ 0\quad1\end{array} \right]}\) and \({\left[\begin{array}{ll}1\quad 0\\ 1\quad1\end{array} \right]}\) and the distribution of reduced quadratic irrationals. J. Reine Angew. Math. 606, 149–165 (2007)
Boca F.P.: Distribution of angles between geodesic rays associated with hyperbolic lattice points. Q. J. Math. 58, 281–295 (2007)
Boca F.P., Cobeli C., Zaharescu A.: Distribution of lattice points visible from the origin. Comm. Math. Phys. 213, 433–470 (2000)
Boca F.P., Cobeli C., Zaharescu A.: A conjecture of R.R. Hall on Farey points. J. Reine Angew. Math. 535, 207–236 (2001)
Boca F.P., Gologan R.N., Zaharescu A.: The statistics of the trajectory of a certain billiard in a flat two-torus. Comm. Math. Phys. 240, 53–73 (2003)
F.P. Boca and A. Zaharescu, Farey fractions and two-dimensional tori, In: Noncommutative Geometry and Number Theory, Aspects Math., E37, Vieweg, Wiesbaden, 2006, pp. 57–77.
Boca F.P., Zaharescu A.: On the correlations of directions in the Euclidean plane. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 358, 1797–1825 (2006)
Boca F.P., Zaharescu A.: The distribution of the free path lengths in the periodic two-dimensional Lorentz gas in the small-scatterer limit. Comm. Math. Phys. 269, 425–471 (2007)
Bombieri E.: On exponential sums in finite fields. Amer. J. Math. 88, 71–105 (1966)
Bombieri E., Friedlander J.B., Iwaniec H.: Primes in arithmetic progressions to large moduli. III. J. Amer. Math. Soc. 2, 215–224 (1989)
Bourgain J.: Mordell’s exponential sum estimate revisited. J. Amer. Math. Soc. 18, 477–499 (2005)
Bourgain J.: More on the sum-product phenomenon in prime fields and its applications. Int. J. Number Theory 1, 1–32 (2005)
J. Bourgain, New encounters in combinatorial number theory: From the Kakeya problem to cryptography, In: Perspectives in Analysis, Math. Phys. Stud., 27, Springer-Verlag, 2005, pp. 17–26.
Bourgain J.: Estimates of polynomial exponential sums. Israel J. Math. 176, 221–240 (2010)
Bourgain J., Cochrane T., Paulhus J., Pinner C.: Decimations of l-sequences and permutations of even residues mod p. SIAM J. Discrete Math. 23, 842–857 (2009)
Bourgain J., Cochrane T., Paulhus J., Pinner C.: On the parity of k-th powers modulo p. A generalization of a problem of Lehmer. Acta Arith. 147, 173–203 (2011)
J. Bourgain, M.Z. Garaev, S.V. Konyagin and I.E. Shparlinski, On the hidden shifted power problem, SIAM J. Comput., to appear.
J. Bourgain, M.Z. Garaev, S.V. Konyagin and I.E. Shparlinski, On congruences with products of variables from short intervals and applications, Proc. Steklov Inst. Math., to appear.
J. Bourgain, M.Z. Garaev, S.V. Konyagin and I.E. Shparlinski, Multiplicative congruences with variables from short intervals, preprint, 2012, arXiv:1210.6429.
J. Bourgain and Ya.G. Sinai, Limiting behavior of large Frobenius numbers, Uspekhi Mat. Nauk, 62 (2007), no. 4, 77–90 (in Russian); transl. as Russian Math. Surveys.
P. Brass, W. Moser and J. Pach, Research Problems in Discrete Geometry, Springer-Verlag, 2005.
T. Browning and A. Haynes, Incomplete Kloosterman sums and multiplicative inverses in short intervals, preprint, 2012, arXiv:1204.6374.
V.A. Bykovskiĭ, Asymptotic properties of lattice points (a 1,a 2) that satisfy the congruence \({a_1a_2\equiv l\;(\mod q)}\), In: Analytic Number Theory and the Theory of Functions. 4, Zap. Nauchn. Sem. Leningrad. Otdel. Mat. Inst. Steklov. (LOMI), 112, Nauka Leningrad. Otdel., Leningrad, 1981, pp. 5–25 (in Russian).
Bykovskiĭ V.A.: An estimate for the dispersion of lengths of finite continued fractions. J. Math. Sci. (N. Y.) 146, 5634–5643 (2007)
V.A. Bykovskiĭ and A.V. Ustinov, The statistics of particle trajectories in the homogeneous Sinai problem for a two-dimensional lattice, Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen, 42 (2008), no. 3, 10–22 (in Russian); transl. as Funct. Anal. Appl.
V.A. Bykovskiĭ and A.V. Ustinov, The statistics of particle trajectories in the inhomogeneous Sinai problem for a two-dimensional lattice, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 73 (2009), no. 4, 17–36 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
T.H. Chan, Distribution of difference between inverses of consecutive integers modulo p, Integers, 4 (2004), A03, 11 pp.
Chan T.H.: Approximating reals by sums of two rationals. J. Number Theory 128, 1182–1194 (2008)
Chan T.H.: Approximating reals by sums of rationals. J. Number Theory 129, 316–324 (2009)
Chan T.H.: A short note on the difference between inverses of consecutive integers modulo p. Integers 9, 699–702 (2009)
Chan T.H.: An almost all result on \({q_1q_2 \equiv c\;(\mod q)}\). Monatsh. Math. 162, 29–39 (2011)
Chan T.H., Shparlinski I.E.: On the concentration of points on modular hyperbolas and exponential curves. Acta Arith. 142, 59–66 (2010)
Cilleruelo J., Garaev M.Z.: Concentration of points on two and three dimensional modular hyperbolas and applications. Geom. Funct. Anal. 21, 892–904 (2011)
J. Cilleruelo, M.Z. Garaev, A. Ostafe and I.E. Shparlinski, On the concentration of points of polynomial maps and applications, Math. Z., to appear.
Cobeli C., Gonek S.M., Zaharescu A.: The distribution of patterns of inverses modulo a prime. J. Number Theory 101, 209–222 (2003)
Cobeli C., Vâjâitu M., Zaharescu A.: Average estimates for the number of tuples of inverses mod p in short intervals. Bull. Math. Soc. Sci. Math. Roumanie (N.S.) 43, 155–164 (2000)
Cobeli C., Vâjâitu M., Zaharescu A.: Distribution of gaps between the inverses mod q. Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. 46(2), 185–203 (2003)
Cobeli C., Zaharescu A.: The order of inverses mod q. Mathematika 47, 87–108 (2000)
Cobeli C., Zaharescu A.: Generalization of a problem of Lehmer. Manuscripta Math. 104, 301–307 (2001)
Cobeli C., Zaharescu A.: On the distribution of the \({\mathbb{F}_p}\)-points on an affine curve in r dimensions. Acta Arith. 99, 321–329 (2001)
Cochrane T., Pinner C., Rosenhouse J.: Sparse polynomial exponential sums. Acta Arith. 108, 37–52 (2003)
Cochrane T., Sih S.: The congruence \({x_1x_2 \equiv x_3x_4\;(\mod m)}\) and mean values of character sums. J. Number Theory 130, 767–785 (2010)
Cochrane T., Zheng Z.: High order moments of character sums. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 126, 951–956 (1998)
Cojocaru A.C., Hall C.: Uniform results for Serre’s theorem for elliptic curves. Int. Math. Res. Not. 2005, 3065–3080 (2005)
Cojocaru A.C., Shparlinski I.E.: Distribution of Farey fractions in residue classes and Lang–Trotter conjectures on average. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 136, 1977–1986 (2008)
E.I. Dinaburg and Ya.G. Sinai, The statistics of the solutions of the integer equation ax−by = ±1, Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen., 24 (1990), no. 3, 1–8 (in Russian); transl. as Funct. Anal. Appl.
D. Dolgopyat, On the distribution of the minimal solution of a linear Diophantine equation with random coefficients, Funktsional. Anal. i Prilozhen., 28 (1994), no. 3, 22–34 (in Russian); transl. as Funct. Anal. Appl.
M. Drmota and R. Tichy, Sequences, Discrepancies and Applications, Springer-Verlag, 1997.
Duke W., Friedlander J.B., Iwaniec H.: Bilinear forms with Kloosterman fractions. Invent. Math. 128, 23–43 (1997)
Duke W., Rudnick Z., Sarnak P.: Density of integer points on affine homogeneous varieties. Duke Math. J. 71, 143–179 (1993)
Dvir Z.: On the size of Kakeya sets in finite fields. J. Amer. Math. Soc. 22, 1093–1097 (2009)
D. Eichhorn, M.R. Khan, A.H. Stein and C.L. Yankov, Sums and differences of the coordinates of points on modular hyperbolas, In: Combinatorial Number Theory, Walter de Gruyter, 2009, pp. 17–39.
Erdős P., Odlyzko A.M., Sárközy A.: On the residues of products of prime numbers. Period. Math. Hungar 18, 229–239 (1987)
Ferguson R., Hoffman C., Luca F., Ostafe A., Shparlinski I.E.: Some additive combinatorics problems in matrix rings. Rev. Mat. Complut. 23, 501–513 (2010)
Ford K.: The distribution of integers with a divisor in a given interval. Ann. of Math. 168(2), 367–433 (2008)
Ford K., Khan M.R., Shparlinski I.E.: Geometric properties of points on modular hyperbolas. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 138, 4177–4185 (2010)
Ford K., Khan M.R., Shparlinski I.E., Yankov C.L.: On the maximal difference between an element and its inverse in residue rings. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 133, 3463–3468 (2005)
Fouvry É.: Sur le problème des diviseurs de Titchmarsh. J. Reine Angew. Math. 357, 51–76 (1985)
Fouvry É.: Consequences of a result of N. Katz and G. Laumon concerning trigonometric sums. Israel J. Math. 120, 81–96 (2000)
Fouvry É., Katz N.M.: A general stratification theorem for exponential sums, and applications. J. Reine Angew. Math. 540, 115–166 (2001)
Fouvry É., Michel P.: Sur certaines sommes d’exponentielles sur les nombres premiers. Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. 31(4), 93–130 (1998)
Fouvry É., Shparlinski I.E.: On a ternary quadratic form over primes. Acta Arith. 150, 285–314 (2011)
Fouvry É., Shparlinski I.E.: Smooth shifted monomial products. Publ. Math. Debrecen 79, 423–432 (2011)
Friedlander J.B., Iwaniec H.: Incomplete Kloosterman sums and a divisor problem. Ann. of Math. 121(2), 319–350 (1985)
Friedlander J.B., Iwaniec H.: The divisor problem for arithmetic progressions. Acta Arith. 45, 273–277 (1985)
Friedlander J.B., Kurlberg P., Shparlinski I.E.: Products in residue classes. Math. Res. Lett. 15, 1133–1147 (2008)
Friedlander J.B., Luca F.: Residue classes having tardy totients. Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 40, 1007–1016 (2008)
Friedlander J.B., Shparlinski I.E.: Least totient in a residue class. Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 39, 425–432 (2007)
Fujii A.: On a problem of Dinaburg and Sinai. Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A Math. Sci. 68, 198–203 (1992)
Fujii A., Kitaoka Y.: On plain lattice points whose coordinates are reciprocals modulo a prime. Nagoya Math. J. 147, 137–146 (1997)
Fukshansky L., Robins S.: Frobenius problem and the covering radius of a lattice. Discrete Comput. Geom. 37, 471–483 (2007)
Gallot Y., Moree P.: Ternary cyclotomic polynomials having a large coefficient. J. Reine Angew. Math. 632, 105–125 (2009)
Garaev M.Z.: Character sums in short intervals and the multiplication table modulo a large prime. Monatsh. Math. 148, 127–138 (2006)
Garaev M.Z.: On the logarithmic factor in error term estimates in certain additive congruence problems. Acta Arith. 124, 27–39 (2006)
Garaev M.Z.: A note on the least totient of a residue class. Q. J. Math. 60, 53–56 (2009)
Garaev M.Z.: Estimation of Kloosterman sums with primes and its application. Mat. Zametki 88, 365–373 (2010) (in Russian)
Garaev M.Z.: On multiplicative congruences. Math. Z. 272, 473–482 (2012)
Garaev M.Z., Garcia V.C.: The equation x 1 x 2 = x 3 x 4 + λ in fields of prime order and applications. J. Number Theory 128, 2520–2537 (2008)
Garaev M.Z., Karatsuba A.A.: On character sums and the exceptional set of a congruence problem. J. Number Theory 114, 182–192 (2005)
Garaev M.Z., Karatsuba A.A.: The representation of residue classes by products of small integers. Proc. Edinb. Math. Soc. 50(2), 363–375 (2007)
Garaev M.Z., Kueh K.-L.: Distribution of special sequences modulo a large prime. Int. J. Math. Math. Sci. 2003, 3189–3194 (2003)
Gonek S.M., Krishnaswami G.S., Sondhi V. L.: The distribution of inverses modulo a prime in short intervals. Acta Arith. 102, 315–322 (2002)
Goresky M., Klapper A.: Arithmetic crosscorrelations of feedback with carry shift register sequences. IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 43, 1342–1345 (1997)
Goresky M., Klapper A., Murty R., Shparlinski I.E.: On decimations of ℓ-sequences. SIAM J. Discrete Math. 18, 130–140 (2004)
Granville A., Shparlinski I.E., Zaharescu A.: On the distribution of rational functions along a curve over \({\mathbb{F}_p}\) and residue races. J. Number Theory 112, 216–237 (2005)
L. Guth and N.H. Katz, On the Erdős distinct distance problem in the plane, preprint, 2011, arXiv:1011.4105.
R.K. Guy, Unsolved Problems in Number Theory, Springer-Verlag, 1994.
R.R. Hall and G. Tenenbaum, Divisors, Cambridge Tracts in Math., 90, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1988.
Hanrahan S., Khan M.R.: The cardinality of the value sets modulo n of x 2 + x −2 and x 2 + y 2. Involve 3, 171–182 (2010)
Heath-Brown D.R.: The divisor function d 3(n) in arithmetic progressions. Acta Arith. 47, 29–56 (1986)
Heath-Brown D.R.: Pair correlation for fractional parts of α n 2. Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 148, 385–407 (2010)
Hooley C.: An asymptotic formula in the theory of numbers. Proc. London Math. Soc. 7(3), 396–413 (1957)
Hooley C.: On the greatest prime factor of a cubic polynomial. J. Reine Angew. Math. 303/304, 21–50 (1978)
S. Hu and Y. Li, On a uniformly distributed phenomenon in matrix groups, preprint, 2011, arXiv:1103.3928.
M.N. Huxley, Large values of Dirichlet polynomials. III, Acta Arith., 26 (1974/1975), 435–444.
Huxley M.N., Jutila M.: Large values of Dirichlet polynomials. IV. Acta Arith. 32, 297–312 (1977)
H. Iwaniec and E. Kowalski, Analytic Number Theory, Amer. Math. Soc. Colloq. Publ., 53, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2004.
Jutila M.: Zero-density estimates for L-functions. Acta Arith. 32, 55–62 (1977)
Karatsuba A.A.: Sums of characters with prime numbers. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 34, 299–321 (1970) (in Russian)
A.A. Karatsuba, Fractional parts of functions of a special form, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 59 (1995), no. 4, 61–80 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
A.A. Karatsuba, Analogues of Kloosterman sums, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 59 (1995), no. 5, 93–102 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
N. Katz and T. Tao, Recent progress on the Kakeya conjecture, In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Harmonic Analysis and Partial Differential Equations, Publ. Mat., Extra, Univ. Autònoma Barcelona, 2002, pp. 161–180.
Khan M.R.: An optimization with a modular constraint: 10736. Amer. Math. Monthly 108, 374–375 (2001)
Khan M.R.: Modular hyperbolas and the coefficients of (x −1 + 6 + x)k. Integers 11, 469–476 (2011)
Khan M.R., Shparlinski I.E.: On the maximal difference between an element and its inverse modulo n. Period. Math. Hungar. 47, 111–117 (2003)
Khan M.R., Shparlinski I.E., Yankov C.L.: On the convex closure of the graph of modular inversions. Experiment. Math. 17, 91–104 (2008)
Konyagin S.V., Shparlinski I.E.: On convex hull of points on modular hyperbolas. Moscow J. Comb. Number Theory 1, 43–51 (2011)
M.A. Korolev, Incomplete Kloosterman sums and their applications, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 64 (2000), no. 6, 41–64 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
N.V. Kuznetsov, The Petersson conjecture for cusp forms of weight zero and the Linnik conjecture. Sums of Kloosterman sums, Mat. Sb. (N.S.), 111 (1980), 334–383 (in Russian); transl. as Math. USSR-Sb.
Laczkovich M.: Discrepancy estimates for sets with small boundary. Studia Sci. Math. Hungar. 30, 105–109 (1995)
Le Boudec P.: Manin’s conjecture for two quartic del Pezzo surfaces with 3A 1 and A 1 + A 2 singularity types. Acta Arith. 151, 109–163 (2012)
Le Boudec P.: Power-free values of the polynomial t 1...t r − 1. Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 85, 154–163 (2012)
P. Le Boudec, Manin’s conjecture for a cubic surface with 2A 2 + A 1 singularity type, Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., to appear.
Liu H.N.: A note on Lehmer k-tuples. Int. J. Number Theory 5, 1169–1178 (2009)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 22, 61–68 (2006)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: Hybrid mean value on the difference between a quadratic residue and its inverse modulo p. Publ. Math. Debrecen 69, 227–243 (2006)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: General Kloosterman sums and the difference between an integer and its inverse modulo q. Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 23, 77–82 (2007)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: Mean value on the difference between a quadratic residue and its inverse modulo p. Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 23, 915–924 (2007)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: Hybrid mean value results for a generalization on a problem of D.H. Lehmer and hyper-Kloosterman sums. Osaka J. Math. 44, 615–637 (2007)
Liu H.N., Zhang W.: Hybrid mean value on the difference between an integer and its inverse modulo q. Ark. Mat. 46, 337–347 (2008)
Louboutin S.R., Rivat J., Sárközy A.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 135, 969–975 (2007)
Lu Y., Yi Y.: On the generalization of the D.H. Lehmer problem. Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 25, 1269–1274 (2009)
Lu Y., Yi Y.: On the generalization of the D.H. Lehmer problem. II. Acta Arith. 142, 179–186 (2010)
Lu Y., Yi Y.: Partitions involving D.H. Lehmer numbers. Monatsh. Math. 159, 45–58 (2010)
Lu Y., Yi Y.: A note on the Lehmer problem over short intervals. Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 27, 1115–1120 (2011)
Luo W.: Bounds for incomplete hyper-Kloosterman sums. J. Number Theory 75, 41–46 (1999)
K.-H. Mak and A. Zaharescu, Lehmer points and visible points on affine varieties over finite fields, preprint, 2011, arXiv:1110.4691.
Marklof J., Strömbergsson A.: Equidistribution of Kronecker sequences along closed horocycles. Geom. Funct. Anal. 13, 1239–1280 (2003)
Matomäki K.: On the greatest prime factor of ab + 1. Acta Math. Hungar. 124, 115–123 (2009)
Merel L.: Bornes pour la torsion des courbes elliptiques sur les corps de nombres. Invent. Math. 124, 437–449 (1996)
N.G. Moshchevitin, On numbers with missing digits: Solvability of the congruences \({x_1x_2 \equiv \lambda\;(\mod p)}\), Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 410 (2006), 730–733 (in Russian); transl. as Dokl. Math.
N.G. Moshchevitin, Sets of the form \({\fancyscript{A}+\fancyscript{B}}\) and finite continued fractions, Mat. Sb., 198 (2007), no. 4, 95–116 (in Russian); transl. as Sb. Math.
N.G. Moshchevitin and I.D. Shkredov, On the multiplicative properties modulo m of numbers with missing digits, Mat. Zametki, 81 (2007), 385–404 (in Russian); transl. as Math. Notes.
Niederreiter H., Wills J.M.: Diskrepanz und Distanz von Maßen bezüglich konvexer und Jordanscher Mengen. Math. Z. 144, 125–134 (1975)
Petrov F.V.: Estimates for the number of rational points on convex curves and surfaces. Zap. Nauchn. Sem. S.-Peterburg. Otdel. Mat. Inst. Steklov. (POMI) 344, 174–189 (2007) (in Russian)
Rakhmonov Z.Kh.: On the distribution of the values of Dirichlet characters and their applications. Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 207, 263–272 (1995)
J.L. Ramírez Alfonsín, The Diophantine Frobenius Problem, Oxford Lecture Ser. Math. Appl., 30, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 2005.
Rényi A., Sulanke R.: Über die konvexe Hülle von n zufällig gewählten Punkten. Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verw. Gebiete 2, 75–84 (1963)
Rieger G.J.: Über die Gleichung ad−bc = 1 und Gleichverteilung. Math. Nachr. 162, 139–143 (1993)
Roettger C.: Counting invertible matrices and uniform distribution. J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux 17, 301–322 (2005)
M. Rubinstein, Hide and seek—a naive factoring algorithm, preprint, 2006, arXiv: math/0610612.
Rudnick Z., Sarnak P., Zaharescu A.: The distribution of spacings between the fractional parts of n 2α. Invent. Math. 145, 37–57 (2001)
Ruzsa I.Z., Schinzel A.: An application of Kloosterman sums. Compositio Math. 96, 323–330 (1995)
Saias É.: Entiers à diviseurs denses. I. J. Number Theory 62, 163–191 (1997)
J.-C. Schlage-Puchta, An estimate for Frobenius’ Diophantine problem in three dimensions, J. Integer Seq., 8 (2005), 05.1.7, 4 pp., http://www.cs.uwaterloo.ca/journals/JIS/vol8.html.
I.A. Semaev, On the number of small solutions of a linear homogeneous congruence, Mat. Zametki, 50 (1991), no. 4, 102–107 (in Russian);transl. as Math. Notes.
Semaev I.A.: An algorithm for evaluation of discrete logarithms in some nonprime finite fields. Math. Comp. 67, 1679–1689 (1998)
ShchurV. Sinai Ya.G., Ustinov A.V.: Limiting distribution of Frobenius numbers for n = 3. J. Number Theory 129, 2778–2789 (2009)
V. Shelestunova, Upper bounds for the number of integral points on quadratic curves and surfaces, Ph. D. thesis, Univ. of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2010.
Shparlinski I.E.: On exponential sums with sparse polynomials and rational functions. J. Number Theory 60, 233–244 (1996)
Shparlinski I.E.: Primitive points on modular hyperbola. Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math. 54, 193–200 (2006)
Shparlinski I.E.: On the distribution of points on multidimensional modular hyperbolas. Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A Math. Sci. 83, 5–9 (2007)
Shparlinski I.E.: Bounds of incomplete multiple Kloosterman sums. J. Number Theory 126, 68–73 (2007)
Shparlinski I.E.: Distribution of modular inverses and multiples of small integers and the Sato–Tate conjecture on average. Michigan Math. J. 56, 99–111 (2008)
Shparlinski I.E.: On the Euler function on differences between the coordinates of points on modular hyperbolas. Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math. 56, 1–7 (2008)
Shparlinski I.E.: Approximation by several rationals. Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 77, 325–329 (2008)
I.E. Shparlinski, On a generalised Lehmer problem for arbitrary powers, In: Contributions in General Algebra. II, East-West J. Math., Special, Khon Kaen Univ., Bangkok, 2008, pp. 197–216.
Shparlinski I.E.: On some weighted average values of L-functions. Bull. Aust. Math. Soc. 79, 183–186 (2009)
Shparlinski I.E.: On a generalisation of a Lehmer problem. Math. Z. 263, 619–631 (2009)
Shparlinski I.E.: On the distribution of solutions to linear equations. Glas. Math. Ser. III 44, 7–10 (2009)
Shparlinski I.E.: On small solutions to quadratic congruences. J. Number Theory 131, 1105–1111 (2011)
Shparlinski I.E.: On the restricted divisor function in arithmetic progressions. Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 28, 231–238 (2012)
I.E. Shparlinski, On products of primes and almost primes in arithmetic progressions, Period. Math. Hungar., to appear.
Shparlinski I.E., Voloch J.F.: Visible points on curves over finite fields. Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Math. 55, 193–199 (2007)
Shparlinski I.E., Winterhof A.: On the number of distances between the coordinates of points on modular hyperbolas. J. Number Theory 128, 1224–1230 (2008)
Shparlinski I.E., Winterhof A.: Visible points on multidimensional modular hyperbolas. J. Number Theory 128, 2695–2703 (2008)
Shparlinski I.E., Winterhof A.: Partitions into two Lehmer numbers. Monatsh. Math. 160, 429–441 (2010)
Stewart C.L.: On the greatest prime factor of integers of the form ab + 1. Period. Math. Hungar. 43, 81–91 (2001)
Šunić Z.: Frobenius problem and dead ends in integers. J. Number Theory 128, 1211–1223 (2008)
Taylor R.: Automorphy for some l-adic lifts of automorphic mod l Galois representations. II. Publ. Math. Inst. Hautes Études Sci. 108, 183–239 (2008)
G. Tenenbaum, Introduction to Analytic and Probabilistic Number Theory, Cambridge Stud. Adv. Math., 46, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1995.
Truelsen J.L.: Divisor problems and the pair correlation for the fractional parts of n 2α. Int. Math. Res. Not. IMRN 2010, 3144–3183 (2010)
Ustinov A.V.: On the statistical properties of finite continued fractions. J. Math. Sci. (N. Y.) 137, 4722–4738 (2006)
A.V Ustinov., Calculation of variance in a problem in the theory of continued fractions, Mat. Sb., 198 (2007), no. 6, 139–158 (in Russian); transl. as Sb. Math.
A.V. Ustinov, Asymptotic behavior of the first and second moments for the number of steps in the Euclid algorithm, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 72 (2008), no. 5, 189–224 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
A.V. Ustinov, On the number of solutions of the congruence \({xy \equiv l\;(\mod q)}\) under the graph of a twice continuously differentiable function, Algebra i Analiz, 20 (2008), no. 5, 186–216 (in Russian).
A.V. Ustinov, Solution of the Arnol’d problem on weak asymptotics for Frobenius numbers with three arguments, Mat. Sb., 200 (2009), no. 4, 131–160 (in Russian); transl. as Sb. Math.
Ustinov A.V.: On the distribution of integer points. Dal’nevost. Mat. Zh. 9, 176–181 (2009) (in Russian)
Ustinov A.V.: The mean number of steps in the Euclidean algorithm with least absolute-value remainders. Mat. Zametki 85, 153–156 (2009) (in Russian);transl. as Math. Notes.
Ustinov A.V.: On the statistical properties of elements of continued fractions. Dokl. Akad. Nauk 424, 459–461 (2009) (in Russian); transl. as Dokl. Math.
A.V. Ustinov, On the distribution of Frobenius numbers with three arguments, Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat., 74 (2010), no. 5, 145–170 (in Russian); transl. as Izv. Math.
Vâjâitu M., Zaharescu A.: Distribution of values of rational maps on the \({\mathbb{F}_p}\)-points on an affine curve. Monatsh. Math. 136, 81–86 (2002)
Vaughan R.C., Wooley T.D.: Further improvements in Waring’s problem. Acta Math. 174, 147–240 (1995)
Vinh L.A.: Distribution of determinant of matrices with restricted entries over finite fields. J. Comb. Number Theory 1, 203–212 (2009)
L.A. Vinh, On the distribution of permanents of matrices over finite fields, In: European Conference on Combinatorics, Graph Theory and Applications, Electron. Notes Discrete. Math., 34, Elsevier Sci. B. V., Amsterdam, 2009, pp. 519–523.
Wang Y., Li H.: On s-dimensional incomplete Kloosterman sums. J. Number Theory 130, 1602–1608 (2010)
Weili Y.: On the generalization of the D.H. Lehmer problem and its mean value. JP J. Algebra Number Theory Appl. 6, 479–491 (2006)
Weyl H.: On the volume of tubes, Amer. J. Math. 61, 461–472 (1939)
Xi P., Yi Y.: Generalized D.H. Lehmer problem over short intervals. Glasg. Math. J. 53, 293–299 (2011)
Xiong M., Zaharescu A.: Distribution of Selmer groups of quadratic twists of a family of elliptic curves. Adv. Math. 219, 523–553 (2008)
Xu Z.: D.H. Lehmer problem over half intervals. J. Korean Math. Soc. 46, 493–511 (2009)
Xu Z., Zhang W.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer over short intervals. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 320, 756–770 (2006)
Xu Z., Zhang W.: A problem of D.H. Lehmer and its mean value. Math. Nachr. 281, 596–606 (2008)
Yi Y., Zhang W.: On the generalization of a problem of D.H. Lehmer. Kyushu J. Math. 56, 235–241 (2002)
Yu G.: Rank 0 quadratic twists of a family of elliptic curves. Compositio Math. 135, 331–356 (2003)
Yuan Y., Yiwei H.: On a generalization of D.H. Lehmer problem. JP J. Algebra Number Theory Appl. 14, 37–50 (2009)
Zaharescu A.: The distribution of the values of a rational function modulo a big prime. J. Théor. Nombres Bordeaux 15, 863–872 (2003)
Zhang T., Xue X.: On the r-th hyper-Kloosterman sums and a problem of D.H. Lehmer. J. Korean Math. Soc. 46, 733–746 (2009)
Zhang T., Zhang W.: A generalization on the difference between an integer and its inverse modulo q. II. Proc. Japan Acad. Ser. A Math. Sci. 81, 7–11 (2005)
Zhang W.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer and its generalization. Compositio Math. 86, 307–316 (1993)
Zhang W.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer and its generalization II. Compositio Math. 91, 47–56 (1994)
Zhang W.: On the difference between a D.H. Lehmer number and its inverse modulo q. Acta Arith. 68, 255–263 (1994)
Zhang W.: On the difference between an integer and its inverse modulo n. J. Number Theory 52, 1–6 (1995)
Zhang W.: On the distribution of inverses modulo n. J. Number Theory 61, 301–310 (1996)
Zhang W.: On a problem of P. Gallagher. Acta Math. Hungar. 78, 345–357 (1998)
Zhang W.: On the distribution of inverses modulo p. II. Acta Arith. 100, 189–194 (2001)
Zhang W.: On a problem of D.H. Lehmer and Kloosterman sums. Monatsh. Math. 139, 247–257 (2003)
Zhang W.: On the mean value of L-functions with the weight of character sums. J. Number Theory 128, 2459–2466 (2008)
Zhang W., Xu Z., Yi Y.: A problem of D.H. Lehmer and its mean square value formula. J. Number Theory 103, 197–213 (2003)
Zhang W., Yi Y.: Some applications of Bombieri’s estimate for exponential sums. Acta Arith. 107, 245–250 (2003)
Zheng Z.: The distribution of zeros of an irreducible curve over a finite field. J. Number Theory 59, 106–118 (1996)
Zheng Z., Cochrane T.: Distribution of primitive λ-roots of composite moduli. II. Chinese Ann. Math. Ser. B 27, 549–552 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Communicated by: Takeshi Saito
About this article
Cite this article
Shparlinski, I.E. Modular hyperbolas. Jpn. J. Math. 7, 235–294 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11537-012-1140-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11537-012-1140-8