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Assessment of sediment quality based on acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in heavily industrialized area of Asaluyeh, Persian Gulf: concentrations, spatial distributions, and sediment bioavailability/toxicity

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Abstract

Sediment samples from the coastal area of Asaluyeh harbor were collected during autumn and spring 2015. The acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs) were measured to assess the sediment quality and potential ecological risks. The average concentrations (and relative standard deviation (RSD)) of AVS in the industrial sediments were 12.32 μmol/g (36.91) and 6.34 μmol/g (80.05) in autumn and spring, respectively, while in the urban area, these values were 0.44 μmol/g (123.50) and 0.31 μmol/g (160.0) in autumn and spring, respectively. The average concentrations of SEM (and RSD) in the industrial sediments were 15.02 μmol/g (14.38) and 12.34 μmol/g (20.65) in autumn and spring, respectively, while in the urban area, these values were 1.10 μmol/g (43.03) and 1.06 μmol/g (55.59) in autumn and spring, respectively. Zn was the predominant component (34.25–86.24 %) of SEM, while the corresponding value for Cd, much more toxic ingredient, was less than 1 %. Some of the coastal sediments in the harbor of Asaluyeh (20 and 47 % in autumn and spring, respectively) had expected adverse biological effects based on the suggested criterion by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), while most stations (80 and 53 % in autumn and spring, respectively) had uncertain adverse effects.

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Acknowledgments

This work was conducted as part of the sediment quality assessment (SQA) to study the “acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) and simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) concentrations and their regional characteristics, possible sources, and potential toxicity in coastal sediments from urban, semi-industrial, and industrial areas of Asaluyeh Harbor, Iran”. The authors are grateful to the Bushehr University of Medical Sciences for financially and technically supporting this research (Grant No. 1500).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Health Department, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hossein Arfaeinia, Zahra Asadgol & Ehsan Abuee

  2. The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Iraj Nabipour & Afshin Ostovar

  3. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran

    Ehsan Abuee

  4. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Mozhgan Keshtkar & Sina Dobaradaran

  5. The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boostan 19 Alley, Imam Khomeini Street, Bushehr, 7514763448, Iran

    Sina Dobaradaran

  6. Systems Environmental Health, Oil, Gas and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran

    Sina Dobaradaran

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  1. Hossein Arfaeinia
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Arfaeinia, H., Nabipour, I., Ostovar, A. et al. Assessment of sediment quality based on acid-volatile sulfide and simultaneously extracted metals in heavily industrialized area of Asaluyeh, Persian Gulf: concentrations, spatial distributions, and sediment bioavailability/toxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 9871–9890 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6189-0

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