Abstract
In the course of searching for hepatoprotective agents from natural sources, the protective effect of chemical constituents of the marine red alga Alsidium corallinum (A. corallinum) against potassium bromate (KBrO3)-induced liver damage in adult mice was investigated. The in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties of A. corallinum were firstly investigated. Then, A. corallinum was tested in vivo for its potential protective effects against damage caused by KBrO3 in mice models divided into four groups: controls, KBrO3, KBrO3 + A. corallinum, and A. corallinum. Our results demonstrated the rich composition of A. corallinum in antioxidant compounds like phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, polysaccharides, chlorophyll and carotenoids. Its antioxidant activity was also confirmed using β-carotene bleaching by linoleic acid assay, reducing sugar test and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity. The ethanolic extract of A. corallinum also showed good inhibition of the tested bacteria. The coadministration of the red alga associated to the KBrO3 alleviated hepatotoxicity as monitored by the improvement of hepatic oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma biochemical parameters, when compared to the KBrO3-treated mice. These results were confirmed by the improvement of histological and molecular changes. Treatment with A. corallinum prevented liver damage induced by KBrO3, thus protecting the body against free radicals and reducing inflammation and hypercholesterolemia risks.
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Abbreviations
- A. corallinum :
-
Alsidium corallinum
- AI:
-
Atherogenic index
- ALT:
-
Alanine aminotransferase
- AOPP:
-
Advanced oxidation protein product
- AST:
-
Aspartate aminotransferase
- BHA:
-
Butylated hydroxyanisole
- BHT:
-
Butylated hydroxytoluene
- GPx:
-
Glutathione peroxidase
- GSH:
-
Reduced glutathione
- H2O2 :
-
Hydrogen peroxide
- HDL-C:
-
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- KBrO3 :
-
Potassium bromate
- LDH:
-
Lactate dehydrogenase
- LDL-C:
-
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- MBC:
-
Minimum bactericidal concentration
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- MIC:
-
Minimum inhibitory concentration
- PCO:
-
Protein carbonyl
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- TAC:
-
Total anthocyanin content
- TBHQ:
-
Butylated hydroxyquinone
- TC:
-
Total cholesterol
- TEAC:
-
Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
- TEs:
-
Trolox equivalents
- TG:
-
Triacylglycerol
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Acknowledgments
The present work was supported by the Directorate General for Technical and Scientific Research, Tunisia, and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tunisia. We also thank Prof. Bejaoui Hafedh (FSS, Sfax, Tunisia) for his valuable assistance in improving the quality of the article.
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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
Nadia Kharrat and Najeh Krayem contributed equally to this work.
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Ben Saad, H., Kharrat, N., Krayem, N. et al. Biological properties of Alsidium corallinum and its potential protective effects against damage caused by potassium bromate in the mouse liver. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 3809–3823 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5620-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5620-2