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Small-scale spatial variability of soil properties in a Korean swamp

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Abstract

Wetland soils have distinctive biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functions. Therefore, knowledge of wetland soils is important for conserving and rehabilitating wetland ecosystems. We investigated soil properties and their spatial variability in a temperate swamp and compared them with those of an adjacent upland within a small-scale watershed in Korea. Soil water content and carbon and nitrogen concentrations were two- to four-times higher in wetland than in upland soils. Soil water content and organic matter, which represented a large proportion of the variability of wetland soil properties, could be considered primary soil quality indicators for wetland soils. Wetland soils were characterized as having high spatial variability and moderate to strong spatial autocorrelation within a 30- to 50-m range. Nutrient availability was mainly regulated by soil water content and organic matter, not by pH, which had low variability and showed an independent pattern. These findings imply that wetland soils should be surveyed using an appropriate sampling design to determine characteristics of spatial variability in soil quality indicators in wetlands. Reference values of wetland soil properties reported from this study are expected to contribute to wetland conservation and rehabilitation.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Seoul Metropolitan Government (No. 2008-221), National Research Foundation of Korea (2010-0020227), and the Korea University Grant (2013). We appreciate the cooperation of Heolleung Office, Culture Heritage Administration of Korea for conserving this precious ecosystem and allowing us to access HELCA. We also appreciate Ah Reum Lee, Sue Kyoung Lee, and Joomi Kim for their assistance in the laboratory and field. This study complies with the current laws of Republic of Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea

    Tae Kyung Yoon, Saerom Han, Hanbin Kwak, Woo-Kyun Lee & Yowhan Son

  2. Institute for Basin Ecosystem Studies, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan

    Nam Jin Noh & Yowhan Son

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  1. Tae Kyung Yoon
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  2. Nam Jin Noh
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  5. Woo-Kyun Lee
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Correspondence to Yowhan Son.

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Yoon, T.K., Noh, N.J., Han, S. et al. Small-scale spatial variability of soil properties in a Korean swamp. Landscape Ecol Eng 11, 303–312 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-013-0236-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-013-0236-5

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