Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of combined exercise on HOMA-IR, HOMA β-cell and atherogenic index in Korean obese female

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Sport Sciences for Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study attempted to provide meaningful information on the prevention of obesity and obesity-related complications. Specifically, the study attempted to verify the effectiveness of a 12-week combined aerobic and resistance training exercise program by identifying its impact on the HOMA-IR, HOMA, β-cell and the atherogenic-index (AI) among sedentary obese university students. The subjects were randomly assigned to the exercise and control groups. During a 12-week intervention, the subjects in the combined exercise group were trained 3 days per week for 80 min per day. All variables were measured 2 day before the pre- and post- of the study. Blood variables measurements included for insulin, TC, HDL-C, TG, LDL-C and glucose. Also, HOMA-IR, HOMA β-cell, A1, A2 and A3 were assessed. Two-way repeated ANOVA was performed. Interaction effects (time × group) on body fat (p = 0.017), insulin (p = 0.001), HOMA-IR (p = 0.003), HOMA β-cell (p < 0.001) and TG (p = 0.036) were observed. We conclude that 12-week of supervised combined exercise positively-affected the body fat, insulin HOMA-IR and HOMA β-cell. However, there was no significant effect on the blood lipids, TG and atherosclerosis index in our sample of Korean obese female college students.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. World Health Organization (2011) Obesity and overweight. Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/

  2. Fonseca VA (2007) Identification and treatment of prediabetes to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes. Clin Cornerstone 8:10–20

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Ministry of Health and Welfare (2006) City department of health and human services and county public health policy focus on the task of 2006 unpublished manuscript

  4. Kahn SE, Prigeon RL, Mcculloch DK, Boyko EJ, Bergman RN, Schwartz MW (1993) Quantification of the relationship between insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in human subjects. Diabetes 42:1663–1672

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Wallace TM, Levy JC, Matthews DR (2004) Use and abuse of HOMA modeling. Diabetes Care 27(6):1487–1495

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Simon J, Cajzl L, Krizanovska M, Krizek M, Kraus J (1986) Occupation and education in relation to risk factors of ischemic heart disease in the male industrial population. Cor Vasa 28(3):167–176

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Avolio A, Jones D, Tafazzoli-Shadpour M (1998) Quantification of alterations in structure and function of elastin in the arterial media. Hypertension 32:170–175

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Scranton R, Sesso HD, Stampfer MJ, Levenson JW, Buring JE, Gaziano JM (2004) Predictors of 14-year changes in the total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in man. Am Heart J 147(6):1033–1038

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Van Loon LJ, Goodpaster BH (2006) Increased intramuscular lipid storage in the insulin-resistant and endurance-trained state. Pfluger Arch 451(5):606–616

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Reaven GM, Lithell H, Landsberg L (1996) Hypertension and associated metabolic abnormalities: the role of insulin resistance and the sympathoadrenal system. N Engl J Med 334:374–381

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ditz WT (1986) Prevention of childhood obesity. Pediatr Clin North Am 33(4):823–833

    Google Scholar 

  12. DeFronzo RA (2004) Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Med Clin North Am 88(4):787–835

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 28(7):412–419

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Berg JE, Hostmark AT (1994) Cadiovascular risk determination: discrepancy between total cholesterol evaluation and two compound laboratory indices in Norway. J Epidemiol Community Health 48:338–343

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Dobiasova M (2004) Atherogenoc index of plasma [log(triglycerides/HDL-cholesterol)]: theoretical and practical implications. Clin Chem 50(7):1113–1115

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Colquhoun D, Keech A, Hunt D, Marschner I, Simes J, Glasziou P, White H, Barter P, Tonkin A, Investigators LS (2004) Effect of pravastatin on coronary event in 2,073 patients with low levels of both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: results from the LIPID study. Eur Heart J 25(9):771–777

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. ACSM (2010) ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 8th edn. Lippinocott, Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphis

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ha CH, So WY (2013) Effect of combined exercise training on body composition and metabolic syndrome factors. Iranian J Public Health 41(8):20–26

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jang JH, Hur S (2007) Effect of step exercise on metabolic syndrome markers, insulin resistance and plasma metabolism-related hormones in obese middle-aged women. Korean J Phys Educ 46(2):337–346

    Google Scholar 

  20. Park SK, Kwon YC, Yoon MS (2004) The effect of aerobic exercise on blood pressure and VO2max in elderly women with previous hypertension. Korea Sport Res 15(2):1457–1464

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wilmore JH, Costill DL (2002) Physiology of sport and exercise. Human Kinetic Publishers, USA

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wolfe R (1987) Effect of exercise on glucose homeostasis in humans with insulin and glucagon clamped. J Appl Physiol 156

  23. Choe CG, Lee YS (2004) The effects of aerobic and aerobic combined with resistance exercise on the charges of blood lipid profiles, serum leptin and insulin in obese middle-school students boys. Korean J Phys Educ 43(1):579–588

    Google Scholar 

  24. Han JY, Lee MG, Sung SC (2009) Effect of combined training of rope skipping and walking on body composition, physical fitness, blood lipids and insulin resistance in middle-aged women. Korean J Sport Sci 20(2):199–211

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kim JH (2006) Post-exercise insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle. Korea Sport Res 17(1):301–309

    Google Scholar 

  26. Shojaee-Moradie F, Baynes KC, Pentecost C, Bell JD, Thomas EL, Jackson NC, Stolinski M, Whyte M, Lovell D, Bowes SB, Gibney J, Jones RH, Umpleby AM (2007) Exercise training reduces fatty acid availability and improves the insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism. Diabetologia 50(2):404–413

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kodama S, Shu M, Saito K, Murakami H, Tanaka K, Kuno S, Ajisaka R, Sone Y, Onitake F, takahashi A, Shimano H, Kondo K, Yamada N, Sone H (2007) Even low-intensity and low-volume exercise training may improve insulin resistance in the elderly. Intern Med 46(14):1071–1077

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Kahn SE (2003) The relative contributions telling us about diabetes. J Am Diet Assoc 108:12–18

    Google Scholar 

  29. Haffnet SM, Gonzalez C, Miettinen H, Kenedy E, Stern MP (1996) A prospective analysis of the HOMA model. Diabetes Care 19:1138–1141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Despres JP, Moorjani S, Tremblay A, Poehlman ET, Lupien PT, Nadeau A, Bouchard C (1998) Heredity and changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins after short-term exercise training in men. Arteriosclerosis 8(4):402–409

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Park TG, Choi WS (2005) Effects of aerobic combined with resistance training on body composition and blood lipids in obese middle-aged women. Korean J Phys Educ 44(6):1141–1149

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kullo I, Hensrud DD, Allison TG (2002) Relation of low cardiorespiratory fitness to the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men. Am J Cardiol 90(7):795–797

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Jung SL (2009) The effect of circuit training and aerobic exercise on the metabolic syndrome risk factors, the arteriosclerosis index of the middle-aged obesity women. Korea J Sports Sci 18(1):1019–1030

    Google Scholar 

  34. Sgouraki E, Tsopanakis A, Tsopanakis C (2001) Acute exercise: response of HDL-C subfractions level in selected sport disciplines. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 41:386–391

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Williams PT, Krauss PD, Wood FT (1986) Lipoporotein subfractions of runners and sedentary men. Metabolism 35(1):45–52

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human Performance and Leisure Studies, North Carolina A and T State University, 1601 E Market Street, Greensboro, NC, 27411, USA

    Chang Ho Ha, Brenda Swearingin & Minyong Lee

  2. Department of Physical Education, Dankook University, 126 Jukjeondong Sujigu, Yongin, Gyeonggi-Do, 448-701, Korea

    Yong Kyun Jeon

Authors
  1. Chang Ho Ha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Brenda Swearingin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yong Kyun Jeon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Minyong Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yong Kyun Jeon.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ha, C.H., Swearingin, B., Jeon, Y.K. et al. Effects of combined exercise on HOMA-IR, HOMA β-cell and atherogenic index in Korean obese female. Sport Sci Health 11, 49–55 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-014-0208-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-014-0208-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation