Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

AODV_RR: A Maximum Transmission Range Based Ad Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing in MANET

  • Published:
Wireless Personal Communications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nodes in a mobile ad hoc network are battery constrained devices and energy efficiency becomes an important consideration. In a multi-hop mobile ad hoc network the most common method to achieve energy efficiency is the transmission power control scheme in which a node transmits the data packets to its nearest neighbor which is at minimum required power level. However this scheme minimizes only the transmission power within the node’s neighborhood and energy efficiency at the link level is possible. With this scheme it is not possible to minimize the overall energy consumption of the network and the communication overhead of the network is not minimized. An analysis has been performed and our results have proved that instead of using low transmission power, the routing strategy needs to be controlled and only certain nodes are to be allowed to receive and process this routing request based on the received signal strength, then the overall energy consumption of the network can be minimized and the communication overhead is also minimized. The modified routing strategy is applied to the basic ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol and a maximum transmission range based ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol named AODV range routing (AODV_RR) is proposed and studied under different network sizes. Measurable difference in performance is realized and the proposed AODV_RR perform better than normal AODV with respect to all the selected metrics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Corson, S., & Macker, J. (1999). Mobile ad hoc networking (MANET): Routing protocol performance issues and evaluation considerations. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2501.txt.

  2. ATIS. (2010). ATIS report on wireless network energy efficiency.

  3. Chabarek, J., et al. (2008). Power awareness in network design and routing, INFOCOM.

  4. Deng, J., Han, Y. S., Chen, P.-N., & Varshney, P. K. (2004). Optimum transmission range for wireless ad hoc networks. Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, paper 89.

  5. Takagi, H., & Kleinrock, L. (1984). Optimal transmission ranges for randomly distributed packet radio terminals. IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-32(3), 246–257.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hou, T.C., & Li, V.O.K. (1986). Transmission range control in multihop packet radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-34(1), 38–44.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Chen, P., O’Dea, B., & Callaway, E. (2002). Energy efficient system design with optimum transmission range for wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of IEEE ICC (pp. 945–952).

  8. Singh, S., & Raghavendra, C. S. (1998). PAMAS—power aware Access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks. ACM Computer Communications Review.

  9. Gomez, J., Campbell, A., Naghshineh, M., & Bisdikian, C. (2001). PARO: A power-aware routing optimization scheme for mobile ad hoc networks, draft-gomez-paro-manet-00.txt. IETF (work in progress).

  10. Singh, S., Woo, M., & Raghavendra, C. S. (1998). Power aware routing in mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of ACM MobiCom Conference (pp. 181–190).

  11. Toh, C., Cobb, H., & Scott, D. (2001). Performance evaluation of battery-life-aware routing schemes for wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of ICC.

  12. MANET. IETF mobile ad-hoc network working group. http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html.

  13. Gomez, J., & Campbell, A. T. (2007). Using variable-range transmission power control in wireless ad hoc networks. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 6(1).

  14. Rudolph, V., & Meng, T.H. (1999) Minimum energy mobile wireless networks. IEEE Journal of Selected Areas in, Communications, 17(8).

  15. Sanchez, M., Manzoni, P., & Haas, Z.H. (1999). Determination of critical transmission range in ad-hoc networks. In Proceedings of multiaccess, mobility and teletraffic for wireles, communications (MMT’99).

  16. Ramanathan, R., & Rosales-Hain, R. (2000). Topology control of multihop wireless networks using transmit power adjustment. Proceedings of the conference on computer communications (IEEE Infocom 2000) (pp. 404–413).

  17. Wattenhofer, R., Li, L., Bahl, P., & Wang, Y-M. (2001). Distributed topology control for power efficient operation in multihop wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the conference on computer communications (IEEE Infocom 2001).

  18. Banerjee, S., & Misra, A., Energy efficient reliable communication for multi-hop wireless networks, to appear in WINET (extended version of ACM Mobihoc 2002 paper).

  19. Lalitha, V., & Rajesh, R. S. (2013). The impact of transmission range on the performance of single-path and multi-path MANET routing protocols. European Journal of Scientific Research, 113(3), 290–301.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Perkins, C. (2003). Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing, RFC-3561.

  21. Perkins, C., Royer, E., & Das, S. (2001). Ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) routing, draft-manet-ietf-aodv-8.txt. IETF (work in progress).

  22. http://www.cubinlab.ee.unimelb.edu.au/jrid/Docs/Manuel-NS2/node196.html

  23. www.isi.edu/weiye/pub/propagation_ns.pdf.

  24. Schmitz, Arne, Wenig, Martin (2006). The effect of the radio wave propagation model in mobile adhoc networks. MSWiM’06, Torremolinos, Malga, Spain, October 2–6, 2006.

  25. Eltahir, Ibrahim Khider (2007). The impact of different radio propagation models for mobile ad hoc NETworks (MANET) in Urban area environment. The 2nd international conference on wireless broadband and ultra wideband communications (AusWireless).

  26. Friis, H. T. (May 1946). A note on a simple transmission formula. Proceedings of IRE, 34(5), 254–256.

  27. Fall, K., & Varadhan, K. (1997). ns notes and documentation, the VINT Project, UC Berkeley, LBL, USC/ISI, Xerox PARC, November 1997. http://www-mash.cs.berkeley.edu/ns/

  28. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/; NS-2 mobility extension from Rice Monarch. http://www.monarch.cs.rice.edu/cmu-ns.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. Lalitha.

Appendix

Appendix

The performance of the protocols were studied with respect to different network sizes. For each network sizes, the simulations were done on different node orientation and movements i.e., different scenario files and only the average value is considered. Three repetitions are carried out and the average is taken in each case. The last row in the table shows the overall average of different network sizes. Table 2 shows the analysis results of the AODV routing protocol and Table 3 shows the analysis results of the AODV_RR routing protocol.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lalitha, V., Rajesh, R.S. AODV_RR: A Maximum Transmission Range Based Ad Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing in MANET. Wireless Pers Commun 78, 491–506 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-1763-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-014-1763-6

Keywords

Navigation