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High molecular weight bioemulsifiers, main properties and potential environmental and biomedical applications

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Abstract

High molecular weight bioemulsifiers are amphipathic polysaccharides, proteins, lipopolysaccharides, lipoproteins, or complex mixtures of these biopolymers, produced by a wide variety of microorganisms. They are characterized by highly structural diversity and have the ability to decrease the surface and interfacial tension at the surface and interface respectively and/or emulsify hydrophobic compounds. Emulsan, fatty acids, phospholipids, neutral lipids, exopolysaccharides, vesicles and fimbriae are among the most popular high molecular weight bioemulsifiers. They have great physic-chemical properties like tolerance to extreme conditions of pH, temperature and salinity, low toxicity and biodegradability. Owing their emulsion forming and breaking capacities, solubilization, mobilization and dispersion activities and their viscosity reduction activity; they possess great environmental application as enhancer of hydrocarbon biodegradation and for microbial enhanced oil recovery. Besides, they are applied in biomedical fields for their antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities and involvement in immune responses.

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Acknowledgments

This work has been supported by grants from ‘‘Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology”.

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  1. Higher Institute of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia

    Inès Mnif & Dhouha Ghribi

  2. Unit Enzymes and Bioconversion, National School of Engineers, ENIS, BP W 3038, Sfax, Tunisia

    Inès Mnif & Dhouha Ghribi

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  1. Inès Mnif
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  2. Dhouha Ghribi
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Mnif, I., Ghribi, D. High molecular weight bioemulsifiers, main properties and potential environmental and biomedical applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 31, 691–706 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-015-1830-5

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