Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preparation of Titanate Whiskers Starting from Metatitanic Acid and Their Adsorption Performances for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) Ions

  • Published:
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Titanate whiskers were prepared by hydrothermal method starting from hydrous metatitanic acid and potassium hydroxide. The titanate whiskers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma, and N2 adsorption/desorption techniques. When the concentrations of potassium hydroxide ranged from 6 to 12 mol L−1, titanate whiskers were formed by bundling layer-structured nanoribbons. The titanate whiskers were certified with the formula of H2 − xKxTi3O7 · nH2O (x = 0.6, n = 3.8–4.0). After hydrochloric acid treatment, the potassium content and the layer distance decreased due to the replacement of potassium ions by protons. The maximum adsorption capacities of titanate whiskers for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) ions were 142.0, 395.7, and 97.0 mg g−1 when their initial concentrations were 150, 300, and 80 mg L−1, respectively. The adsorption equilibriums were almost established in 30 min. The adsorption of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) ions on titanate whiskers followed the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics. The Langmuir adsorption isotherms well fitted the adsorption equilibriums of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions while the Freundlich adsorption isotherm well fitted the adsorption equilibrium of Cr(III) ions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Cao, J., Wang, A., Yin, H., Shen, L., Ren, M., Han, S., Shen, Y., Yu, L., & Jiang, T. (2010). Selective synthesis of potassium titanate whiskers starting from metatitanic acid and potassium carbonate. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 49, 9128–9134.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Q., Du, G., Zhang, S., & Peng, L.-M. (2002a). The structure of trititanate nanotubes. Acta Crystallographica. Section B, 58, 587–593.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Q., Zhou, W., Du, G., & Peng, L.-M. (2002b). Trititanate nanotubes made via a single alkali treatment. Advanced Materials, 14, 1208–1211.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clearfield, A. (1988). Role of ion exchange in solid-state chemistry. Chemical Review, 88, 125–148.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feng, X., Diao, X., Shi, Y., Wang, H., Sun, S., & Lu, X. (2006). A study on the friction and wear behavior of polytetrafluoroethylene filled with potassium titanate whiskers. Wear, 261, 1208–1212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goyal, M., Rattan, V. K., Aggarwal, D., & Bansal, R. C. (2001). Removal of copper from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbons. Colloids and Surfaces A, 190, 229–238.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Imamoglu, M., & Tekir, O. (2008). Removal of copper (II) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption on activated carbon from a new precursor hazelnut husks. Desalination, 228, 108–113.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang, B., Yin, H., Jiang, T., Yan, J., Fan, Z., Li, C., Wu, J., & Wada, Y. (2005). Size-controlled synthesis of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles by carboxylic acid group-containing organics. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 92, 595–599.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D. H., Jang, J. S., Han, S. S., Lee, K. S., Choi, S. H., Umar, A., Lee, J. W., Shin, D. W., Myung, S.-T., Lee, J. S., Kim, S.-J., Sun, Y. K., & Lee, K. S. (2009). High electrochemical Li intercalation in titanate nanotubes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113, 14034–14039.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, C., Yin, H., Liu, Y., Ren, M., Wang, A., Ge, C., Yao, H., Feng, H., Chen, J., & Jiang, T. (2009). Synthesis of potassium hexatitanate whiskers starting from metatitanic acid and potassium carbonate and sulfate by calcination method. Materials Research Bulletin, 44, 1173–1178.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, R., Fukuda, K., Sasaki, T., Osada, M., & Bando, Y. (2005). Structural features of titanate nanotubes/nanobelts revealed by Raman, X-ray absorption fine structure and electron diffraction characterizations. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 109, 6210–6214.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma, X., Zhu, Y., Li, L., Wang, C., Lu, X., & Yang, Z. (2012). Thermal stability of gold catalyst supported on mesoporous titania nanofibers. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 33, 1480–1485.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Machida, M., Aikawa, M., & Tatsumoto, H. (2005). Prediction of simultaneous adsorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) onto activated carbon by conventional Langmuir type equations. Journal of Hazardous Materials B, 120, 271–275.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nakahira, A., Kato, W., Tamat, M., Isshiki, T., Nishio, K., & Aritani, H. (2004). Synthesis of nanotube from a layered H2Ti4O9 · H2O in a hydrothermal treatment using various titania sources. Journal of Materials Science, 39, 4239–4245.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oliveira, A. M. B. M., Coelho, L. F. O., Gomes, S. S. S., Costa, I. F., Fonseca, M. G., de Sousa, K. S., Espínola, J. G. P., & da Silva Filho, E. C. (2013). Brazilian palygorskite as adsorbent for metal ions from aqueous solution—kinetic and equilibrium studies. Water Air Soil Pollution, 224, 1687.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Park, J. (2010). Photocatalytic activity of hydroxyapatite-precipitated potassium titanate whiskers. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 492, L57–L60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song, J., Chen, M. L., Olesen, M. B., Wang, C. X., Havelund, R., Li, Q., Xie, E. Q., Yang, R., Boggild, P., Wang, C., Besenbacher, F., & Dong, M. D. (2011). Direct electrospinning of Ag/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanocables. Nanoscale, 3, 4966–4971.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song, J., Kahveci, D., Chen, M., Guo, Z., Xie, E., Xu, X., Besenbacher, F., & Dong, M. D. (2012). Enhanced catalytic activity of lipase encapsulated in PCL nanofibers. Langmuir, 28, 6157–6162.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sreekantan, S., & Wei, L. C. (2010). Study on the formation and photocatalytic activity of titanate nanotubes synthesized via hydrothermal method. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 490, 436–442.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Srivastava, V., & Sharma, Y. C. (2014). Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4@n-SiO2 nanoparticles from an agrowaste material and its application for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Water Air Soil Pollution, 225, 1776.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun, X., & Li, Y. (2003). Synthesis and characterization of ion-exchangeable titanate nanotubes. Chemistry - A European Journal, 9, 2229–2238.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Suzuki, Y., & Yoshikawa, S. (2004). Synthesis and thermal analyses of TiO2-derived nanotubes prepared by the hydrothermal method. Journal of Materials Research, 19, 982–985.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H., Zhu, Y., Feng, X., & Lu, X. (2010). The effect of self-assembly modified potassium titanate whiskers on the friction and wear behaviors of PEEK composites. Wear, 269, 139–144.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, J.-G., Lv, Y.-A., Li, X.-N., & Dong, M. D. (2009). Point-defect mediated bonding of Pt clusters on (5,5) carbon nanotubes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 113, 890–893.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao, B., & Thomas, K. M. (2004). Competitive adsorption of aqueous metal ions on an oxidized nanoporous activated carbon. Langmuir, 20, 4566–4578.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao, B., & Thomas, K. M. (2005). Adsorption of aqueous metal ions on oxygen and nitrogen functionalized nanoporous activated carbons. Langmuir, 21, 3892–3902.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xie, G. Y., Zhuang, G. S., Suia, G. X., & Yang, R. (2010). Tribological behavior of PEEK/PTFE composites reinforced with potassium titanate whiskers. Wear, 268, 424–430.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yin, S., & Sato, T. (2000). Synthesis and photocatalytic properties of fibrous titania prepared from protonic layered tetratitanate precursor in supercritical alcohols. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 39, 4526–4530.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida, R., Suzuki, Y., & Yoshikawa, S. (2005). Effects of synthetic conditions and heat-treatment on the structure of partially ion-exchanged titanate nanotubes. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 91, 409–416.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, H., Yu, J., & Cheng, B. (2007). Photocatalytic activity of the calcined H-titanate nanowires for photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in air. Chemosphere, 66, 2050–2057.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, Z.-Y., & Su, B.-L. (2004). Titanium oxide nanotubes, nano fibers and nanowires. Colloids and Surfaces A, 241, 173–183.

  • Zhuang, G. S., Sui, G. X., Meng, H., Sun, Z. S., & Yang, R. (2007). Mechanical properties of potassium titanate whiskers reinforced poly(ether ether ketone) composites using different compounding processes. Composites Science and Technology, 67, 1172–1181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zielińska, B., Borowiak-Palen, E., Grzmil, B., & Kalenczuk, R. J. (2011). Catalyst-free synthesis, morphology evaluation and photocatalytic properties of pristine and calcinated titanate nanorods. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 509, 5414–5419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors sincerely thank Prof. K. Chen of Jiangsu University for supporting the SEM and TEM analyses and the financial supports from Chinese PLA 359 Hospital, Jiangsu Province Education Bureau (CX10B-259Z, CXZZ12-0683, 1102120C, 11KJB530002), Jiangsu University for Young Researchers (11JDG028, 2010-4849), and China Postdoctoral Fundation Committee (2011 M500866).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Road 301, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Hang, Hengbo Yin, Aili Wang, Lingqin Shen, Yonghai Feng & Ruijiang Liu

  2. Danyang Environmental Monitoring Station, Jiankang Road 69, Danyang, 212300, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China

    Ying Hang

Authors
  1. Ying Hang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hengbo Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Aili Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lingqin Shen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yonghai Feng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ruijiang Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hengbo Yin or Aili Wang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hang, Y., Yin, H., Wang, A. et al. Preparation of Titanate Whiskers Starting from Metatitanic Acid and Their Adsorption Performances for Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III) Ions. Water Air Soil Pollut 225, 2095 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2095-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-014-2095-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation