Abstract
The aim of this study is to realize a distribution hydrological model to calculate the rainfall-runoff process precisely for the development of the ravine in the north Loess Plateau. On the basis of the real investigation result to the vertical profile of soil in the Liudaogou drainage basin, which is located in the ravine of wind-water erosion crisscross region in the northern Loess Plateau, a vertical profile model for soil in the study area was set up, and a distribution-type hydrological model was developed by combining GIS with kinematic wave theory. This model was subsequently applied in the experimental drainage basin. The numerical simulation results show that the calculation of the rainfall-runoff process has relatively high precision (error less than 3 %). The model was used to calculate the rainfall-runoff process for 5 years (2005–2009) in the experimental drainage basin to deduce the yearly surface runoff volume and the annual runoff coefficient. The calculated average runoff coefficient for 2005–2009 is 0.11, and the average 5 year precipitation (437 mm) is almost equal to the yearly average precipitation, indicating that the annual runoff coefficient of the experimental drainage basin is approximately 0.10 to 0.15. The study provides a practical numerical method for estimating surface water resources for the wind-water erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abushandi E, Merkel B (2013) Modelling rainfall-runoff relations using HEC-HMS and IHACRES for a single rain event in an arid region of Jordan. Water Resour Manag 27:2391–2409
Agarwal A, Singh RD (2004) Runoff modelling through back propagation artificial neural network with variable rainfall-runoff data. Water Resour Manag 18:285–300
Bai YR, Shao MA (2011) Temporal stability of soil water storage on slope in rain-fed region of Loess Plateau. Trans CSAE 07:45–50
Du JK, Xie SP, Xu YP et al (2006) Development and application of a physically-based distributed rainfall-runoff model. Adv Water Sci 17(5):637–644
Ghashghaei M, Bagheri A, Morid S (2013) Rainfall-runoff modeling in a watershed scale using an object oriented approach based on the concepts of system dynamics. Water Resour Manag 27:5119–5141
Gopal Naik M, Rao EP, Eldho TI (2009) A kinematic wave based watershed model for soil erosion and sediment yield. Catena 77:256–265
Harada M (1999) Hydraulic analysis on stream-aquifer interaction by storage function models. J Hydraul, Coast Environ Eng 628(II-48):189–194
Hashimoto N, Fujita A, Shiiba M et al (2006) Development of dam inflow predication system based on distributed rainfall-runoff model. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 50:289–294
Hatta S, Fujita M, Yamanashi M (1997) Study on deep percolation based on the unsaturated flow theory and tank mode. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 41:25–30
Horiba C, Mano A, Hayashi S (2001) Flood runoff analysis in the upper Chang Jiang Basin. Proc Symp Glob Environ 9:7–12
Huang JB, Hinokidani O, Yasuda H et al (2008) Study on characteristics of the surface flow of the upstream region in Loess Plateau. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 52:1–6
Japanese River Society-River (1997) Erosion control technical criterion of MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Japan), Japanese River Society[M], Sankaido Publishing Co., Ltd 85–87
Kimura R, Fan J, Zhang XC et al (2005) Evapotranspiration over the grassland field in the Liudaogou Basin of the Loess Plateau, China. Acta Oecol 29:45–53
Kimura R, Bai L, Fan J et al (2007) Evapotranspiration estimation over the river basin of the Loess Plateau of China based on remote sensing. J Arid Environ 68:53–65
Kobayashi K, Takara K, Tachikawa Y (2007) Parameter estimation of a distributed rainfall-runoff model by a levenberg-marquardt optimization algorithm. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 51:409–414 (In Japanese)
Li FD, Li LH, Zhang QY et al (2001) The problems and its countermeasures of sustainable using for agriculture water resources in China. Water Saving Irrig 04:1–3, 43
Li M, Li ZB, Liu PL et al (2004) Characteristics of different aspect of soil erosion in wind-water erosion crisscross region on Loess Plateau. J Soil Water Conserv 01:63–65, 99
Li YP, Li L, Zhu C et al (2006) Mutual effect and coupling simulation about surface water and ground water. J Yangtze River Sci Res Inst 23(5):17–20
Li HM, Zhang JJ, Xu JJ et al (2011) Runoff features under different underlying surfaces at a typical watershed in loess Plateau, China. J Northeast For Univ 10:90–93, 113
Liu CL, Shao MA (2008) Soil hydraulic properties and their influences on soil water content under different land uses in Liudaogou watershed of Loess Plateau. Chin J Appl Ecol 11:2400–2407
Liu CM, Xia J, Guo SL et al (2004) Advances in distributed hydrological modeling in the Yellow River basin. Adv Water Sci 15(4):495–500
Lloyd HCC, Tommy SWW, Wang XH (2011) Information recovery from measured data by linear artificial neural networks-An example from rainfall-runoff modeling. Appl Soft Comput 11:373–381
Lv DQ, Pan Y (2008) Study on soil retention characteristics of different position of slope of soil under different land uses in Liudaogou Basin. Chin Agri Sci Bull 08:279–282
Mariza CC, Luis G, Rafael LB et al (1992) A kinematic model of infiltration and runoff generation in layered and sloped soils. Adv Water Resour 15:311–324
Michaud J, Sorooshian S (1994) Comparison of simple versus complex distributed runoff models on a mid-sized semiarid watershed. Water Resour Res 30(3):593–605
She DL, Liu DD, Xia YQ et al (2014) Modeling effects of land use and vegetation density on soil water dynamics: implications on water resource management. Water Resour Manag 28:2063–2076
Sonoyama H, Hoshi K, Ide Y (2001) Generalization of storage routing function model with loss mechanisms. Adv in River Eng 7:465–468
Sun JZ (1988) Environmental geology in loess area of China. Environ Geol Water Sci 12(1):49–61
Suzuki M, Momota H, Jinno K (1998) Statistical study for tank model identified by genetic algorithm. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 42:115–120
Takasao T, Shiiba M, Nakakita E (1985) Lumping of the kinematic wave model. Proc Japan Conf Hydraul 29:239–244
Tanaka G (2003) Stochastic response characteristics of kinematic wave model. Annu J Hydraul Eng, JSCE 47:229–234
Tanaka G, Fujita M, Kudo M (1999) Comparison between the kinematic wave model and the storage routing function runoff model-frequency characteristic and stochastic characteristic. J Hydraul, Coast Environ Eng 614(II-46):21–36
Tang KL, Hou QC, Wang BK et al (1993) The environment background and administration way of wind-water erosion crisscross region and Shenmu experimental area on the Loess Plateau. Memoir NISWC, Acad Sin Minist Water Res 18(12):2–15
Tomosugi K, Urata H (1993) Suggestion and investigation of a new method for flood runoff estimation in minor river basin. Proc Jpn Soc Civ Eng 48:228–229
Wang ZR, Shen J, Wang WY et al (1994) Surface water movement in surge border irrigations on loess plateau: laboratory experiment and numerical simulation. Trans CSAE 10(1):36–43
Wei Q, Zhang QL, Dai HY et al (2008) Surface runoff and soil erosion of different vegetations in Daqing Mountain, Inner Mongolia. J Beijing For Univ 05:111–117
Yomota A, Mohammad Nazrul Islam M (1992) Kinematic analysis of flood runoff for a small-scale upland field. J Hydrol 137:311–326
Zhang LP, Tang KL (1997) Study on the effective water and wind erosion energy and its characteristics in Liudaogou small watershed. J Soil Erosion Soil Water Conserv 02:32–40
Zhao C, Feng Z, Chen G (2004) Soil water balance simulation of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in the semiarid Chinese Loess Plateau. Agric Water Manag 69:101–114
Zheng JY, Shao MA, Li SQ et al (2005) Variation of the hydraulic characteristics of soil profile in water-wind erosion crisscross region. Trans CSAE 21(11):64–66
Zhu YJ, Shao MA (2008) Variability and pattern of surface moisture on a small-scale hill slope in Liudaogou catchment on the northern Loess Plateau of China. Geoderma 147(3/4):185–191
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 51279031; 41271046;51179032). The Heilongjiang Province The Outstanding Youth Fund of Heilongjiang Province (JC201402); New Century Talent Supporting Project by Education Ministry and the anonymous reviewer whose comments greatly improved the quality of this paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fu, Q., Lu, LB. & Huang, JB. Numerical Analysis of Surface Runoff for the Liudaogou Drainage Basin in the North Loess Plateau, China. Water Resour Manage 28, 4809–4822 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0777-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0777-x