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Civil Society Opposition to Nonferrous Metals Mining in Montana

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Abstract

This paper discusses the opposition of civil society to nonferrous metals mining in Montana. The mineral resources and mining history of Montana are discussed, as is the vibrant civil society of that state. Montana’s civil society has opposed mining due to its environmental effects, particularly upon areas of high conservation value. This opposition has involved litigation and the implementation of a ban on the use of cyanide by the mining industry. The paper concludes with a discussion of whether this opposition to mining has damaged the economy of the state and Montana’s future as an example of the “New West,” wherein amenities based growth act as the principal agent of economic activity.

Résumé

Cet article traite de l’opposition de la société civile à l’extraction des métaux non-ferreux dans le Montana. Les ressources minérales et l’histoire de l’exploitation minière du Montana y sont abordées, comme l’est la vibrante société civile de cet état. La société civile du Montana s’est opposée à l’exploitation minière à cause de ces effets sur l’environnement, en particulier sur les zones à grande valeur de protection. Cette opposition a nécessité des litiges ainsi que la mise en place d’interdictions pour l’exploitation minière d’utiliser du cyanure. L’article conclus par une discussion sur la question de savoir si cette opposition à l’exploitation minière a nuit au futur économique de l’état du Montana comme exemple du « Nouvel Ouest » dans lequel les aménagements basés sur la croissance se comportent comme le principal agent de l’activité économique.

Zusammenfassung

Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit dem Widerstand der Zivilgesellschaft gegen den Abbau von Nichteisenmetallen in Montana. Die Bodenschätze und Bergbaugeschichte von Montana sowie die dynamische Zivilgesellschaft dieses Staates werden erörtert. Montanas Zivilgesellschaft lehnt den Bergbau wegen seiner Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt, besonders auf Gebiete mit hohem Schutzwert, ab. Dieser Widerstand beinhaltet Gerichtsverfahren und die Inkraftsetzung eines Verbots der Nutzung von Zyaniden in der Bergbauindustrie. Der Artikel endet mit einer Erörterung, ob dieser Widerstand gegen den Bergbau der Wirtschaft des Staates und Montanas Zukunft als ein Beispiel des “Neuen Westens”, wo Wachstum basierend auf natürlichen Vorzügen der Hauptfaktor von ökonomischer Aktivität ist, geschadet hat.

Resumen

Este trabajo analiza la oposición de la sociedad civil a la extracción de metales no férreos en Montana, incluyendo un repaso a los recursos minerales y a la historia minera de Montana, así como a la dinámica sociedad civil de este estado. La sociedad civil de Montana está en contra de la extracción minera por sus efectos nocivos sobre el medioambiente. Esta oposición ha provocado numerosos litigios y la prohibición del uso de cianuro en la industria minera. El trabajo concluye con una discusión sobre si la oposición a la minería ha perjudicado la economía del estado y el futuro de Montana como símbolo del “Nuevo Oeste Americano”, donde el crecimiento basado en las comodidades es el principal impulsor de la actividad económica.

摘要

此篇论文旨在探讨蒙大纳公民社会对非铁金属采矿业的反对。蒙大纳的矿业资源和采矿业历史以及该州公民社会的活力将在此进行讨论。蒙大纳公民社会对采矿业的反对是处于环境效果的考量,特别是出于对具有极高自然保护价值区域的考虑。反对活动推动了有关禁止使用氰化物于采矿活动中的立法和实施。本篇论文的结论在于探讨这些反对活动是否会对该州的经济和将来产生损害,以此作为“新西方”的一个例子。在新西方的理念中,基于增长的价值在经济活动的起着主要的作用。

;خلاصة

تناقش هذه الورقة معارضة المجتمع المدني للتعدين اللا حديدي في مونتانا. كما تناقش الموارد المعدنية وتاريخ التعدين، والمجتمع الحيوي في تلك الولاية. وقد عارض المجتمع المدني في مونتانا التعدين نظراً للآثار البيئية، وخصوصاً على المناطق التي لها قيمة حماية عالية للطبيعية. واشتملت هذه المعارضة رفع دعاوى قضائية وتنفيذ حظر على استخدام السيانيد في صناعة التعدين. وتخلص الورقة إلى مناقشة ما إذا كانت هذه المعارضة قد أضرت باقتصاد الولاية ومستقبل مونتانا كمثال على "الغرب الجديد" حيث يعمل النمو القائم على وسائل الراحة كعنصر رئيس في النشاط الاقتصادي.

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Correspondence to William N. Holden.

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Holden, W.N., Jacobson, R.D. & Moran, K. Civil Society Opposition to Nonferrous Metals Mining in Montana. Voluntas 18, 266–292 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-007-9044-6

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